
Ŀ
                                                                    
                        
                                    
                           
                                          
Ĵ
                                  5                           
ٰ



                             
                               by RedArc


                                祬   ਣ,
                                ,  , 祣  .
                             , ਬ,  ᢥ 襩 
                                .
                              ᫨     ᯨ
                               嬥    ,
                                 ࠭
                               ,   .

                             .. 檨



ঠ

    1. 
    2.    㣮   ⥫⢠       ࠭    
㯫   ୮ ଠ樨
    3.  
    3.1. ਭ樯 ⢮⢠  ਬ 
    3.2. 㯫
    3.3. ,  , ணࠬ  
    3.4. ।᭮ ணࠬ
    3.5. ࠭,  㡫    ᯮ짮 ணࠬ 

    3.6. ଠ
    3.7. 㬥
    3.8.   ᪮ ࠢ
    3.9. ⢥, , 짮⥫ ଠ樨
    3.10. 娢
    3.11. ।⢮  ଠ樨
    3.12. ᯥ, ਢ ᫥⢨  㤮
    4. ࠢ ଥ  祫  ࠦ
    5.    ᪨ 
    5.1.  ⢮
    5.2. ਭ樯 ந⢠  ७  ꥪ
    5.3. ਭ樯 ᯥ᪮
    5.4. ਭ樯 ᠭ樮஢ ⢨
    5.5. ਭ樯   ᪨ ணࠬ
    5.6. ୠ ணࠬ
    6. ᭥  ᨩ᪮ ⥫      
㯫
    7.  ਬ ਬ 㣮  ⥫⢠    
୮ 
    8. ࠢ ᭮  㡫 ᮢ
    9. ᮪ ᯮ짮 筨
1. .

       ,    㤥  堩᪮ 㭨    1984
, 㯠  7- ७樨  ᭮ ଠ樨, ᪠
  ᢮      ⥬,           "
ᮬ",  諮 㦥    .    饬  ६  ஡
୮  ᭮        諠      
㫠 ࠪ᪨  짮⥫ ᮭ쭮 . 
⭮襭    ⮩  ஡ ୮ ᮮ⢮ ࠧ  
.    ⠢   祭  ਪ᭮
᢮          ,   ᯥ稢騥      ਪ᭮
ਤ᪨,  ணࠬ묨   孨᪨  ।⢠.  ன  
⠢ ⠪ 뢠 堪, ४, ᮧ⥫ ᮢ, थ 
㣨   騥   ⭮   ஭   ஡   ୮
᭮.    ਬ㫨    ⮩    ୮ ᮮ⢠,
஥  ⠢  ⠪  뢠  "   㭤"   (
᪮ underground - ) - ਯ,   㣨.

     ⮨  㬠,     ⪠ ࠭   ⨬
ᠬ.   堪, 騥  쭮 ࠡ⮩  ⤥
᭮   ࠧ   ,      ந⥫  ᪮
ணࠬ  ᯥ祭  믮饣           ⥬
(ਬ,  ᪠ 梨⥩ http://www.ptsecurity.ru).   ࠢ,
㢫祭  ८  ⥬    ୮  ᭮   -
⭮.      ।⠢⥫   㭤      ᫥⢨
⠭ ⥬묨 ࠬ,    񪨬  
୮  ᭮ (ਬ,  訩 ᮯ⥫ Reminder -
ணࠬ 1-壠ਨ
 [http://reminder.h1.ru/cgi-bin/main.php?mode=read&xref=1])         
    ࠡ     易  ணࠬ஢.  뢠  
⠪,    譨 ࠧࠡ稪 ᮢ 室 ࠡ  ⨢
  (ਬ,  訩  ᮯ⥫   Dinky   -   ࠧࠡ稪
ᨩ᪮ ⨢ DrWeb

                       [http://www.drweb.ru/]).

     㦤   ,     㭤
⮫쪮  蠥 .   㭤  ।⠢  ᮡ
᫮    ண    ᮢ               ⥫
᫥⥫᪨  મ  ࠦ  ਬ.    ᮫⭮
ᥩ  ⥫쭮  ୮ 㭤 ⨢稫  
 29  2 ᥮饩 樨 ࠢ  [1]:

   ⢫  ᢮  ࠢ    ᢮      祫   
 ࣠  ⮫쪮  ⠪  ࠭祭,    ⠭ 
 ᪫⥫쭮  楫 ᯥ祭  ਧ  㢠 ࠢ 
 ᢮ 㣨:

    ᭮ থ      ୮     㭤     ⠢
ᨮ, ⠪ 뢠 "堪".  ⮬ 堪 -   ⮫쪮
஢  ⢠,  ᪮쪮 ⭮襭  .   ⮨ 㬠,  
堪  ⮫쪮   ஢. ࠬ  
㢥७       ।  娬,    
 ઠ,  ᪮᪮ , 뤠饣 ⥬⨪  ଠ
  ⠢      ⥮६,  ஭      
ठ 㭮,  ⥫  ᫠   㣨  ,  
᫥⥫᪨    뫨  饭        । 쨬
⢮  ⮫쪮 ४.  ⢮  ⭮  
  堪஢  ,   " ࠭". ⮬   
 ஫    묨    묨 ।,
,  ਬ, 졠  "㦥 ", "⢮", "",
"筮"  "⨢".  筮,  ⮨ 뢠, 
  "ࠤ樮묨"  ﬨ  㬥ﬨ  ⠫ 
⥫    ⭮  ᯮ짮,    祭    
㦠騬.   ⮬   "ࠢ⥫"   ।   娬      ਨ
⢨⥫쭮 砫,  ᦨ     .

      ⥫쭮 ୮ 㭤   
୮  ᭮  㦥  ᪮쪮        ᯮ  
ࠧ ஢.  ⪮ 樨   ⮬          
  .   ⮬ ᫥ ⬥,    ᪮ 窨
७    ᯥ譮 ࠧ饩,   ன  
  ஢ . ⮬, ,  ᭮
 㤠⢠ ந    ࠢ  ᭮    ⭮襭
䨧᪨  ਤ᪨    ୮ ଠ樨.   
ᨫ ⮣,     ⭮襭 뢠 ᥣ ᪮쪮  
(  ਬ,    ਤ᪮ 㪨 뢠 ᪮쪮
祫⨩),  ⥫⢮  ⮩       ᮢ襭⢠.
⪨  ᬮ  ᯥ ⭮襭    㭤
⭮ ।ਭ   ࠭.    㤠    ⮪
砫    ।  (ꥪ⨢)   ஢ ⥩,
⢨   業   ⮩       㬥
뤥    ᮢ  㭤  ⤥  ⥣ਨ ⥫쭮
(ᯫ ⪨ ꥤ ᮢ⨬ ).  ᫥ ஫ 
   㤠   ࠥ   ⢨         ଠ
饯ਧ ⨩   ନ.

        ࠡ:   뤥      饩      㭤
ࠧࠡ稪   ᫥⥫  ᮢ  ⤥ 㯯
 ᬮ   ᭮ ਬ  ᨩ᪮  樨.  
쭥襬  㤥  ᯮ짮    ।⠢⥫ ⮩ 㯯 ନ
""  (  ᪮  virus  making   -   ᮧ   ),
ᯮ㥬    ୮  ᫥.    ࠧ 筨 
 ନ "ଥ":  "ணࠬ ᮢ", "ᮯ⥫",
"ᮧ⥫ ᮢ",  "ࠧࠡ稪 ᮢ",  "孮",  : 
ࠧ ᪠,      㤥  ⮪  ࠢ  ࠧ⥫
᫥⢨ ਬ ।᭮ . ᥭ ।   ଥ
㣨      㯫    ᫥    .  
樨  ᨩ᪮  樨  [2]  ᪠:  ⢫ ࠢ 
᢮ 祫  ࠦ    ࠢ   ᢮ 㣨
   (   17    3);  ࠢ  ௥    㯫  
㯮ॡ  ࠭  .  㤠⢮  ᯥ稢
௥訬      ࠢ㤨      稭񭭮 ࡠ
( 52).

     ࠡ    ᪫⥫쭮        ,
饣   ணࠬ஢  ⢥ ࠡ  审 
 饣 㡮 ਤ᪨  ﬨ.    ࠡ  
訡,      ਨ    ।⠢  ࠡ   
樠쭮 樥    ⪮ ᪮ࡨ  ,
    ࣠樨.    㯮    த⮢
 ॣ஢묨 ࣮묨  ઠ.    ।祭
    묨 ᠬ  ஡ ୮
᭮  ࠧ 稭,   ⮬ ᫥  ⮢,  
⨪  ଥ஢. ୮ ଠ樨

                         2.  ⥫

     ࠭

        http://www.crime-research.ru/library/Criminal_Code.html

ਢ ⥫⢮  ࠭   ਡ⨪   㯫
    ୮ ଠ樨.   ᮦ  諮   
ᬠਢ 㤠,   ⠪    㫨஢  㣮
  뢠  ४.  砭  ⥪⠬ ,  ᢥ
饩 ࠡ, 맢 ᫥騬:

    ᯮ짮 ନ    "    ",     饯ਭ⮣
⨢稢  ।    ண           
.   砭 ᠥ   1    361    ࠨ,
㫨஢ ᫥騬 ࠧ:  " ⥫⢮  ࠡ
⮬⨧஢  ஭-᫨⥫  設,    ⥬   
   ⥩,  ஥  ਢ    ᪠    㭨⮦
୮  ଠ樨    ⥫  ⠪  ଠ樨,     ⠪
࠭  ୮    ⥬  ਬ ணࠬ 
孨᪨ ।,  ।祭    ஭  
 設,  ⥬     ᯮᮡ   ᮡ
᪠  㭨⮦ ୮ ଠ樨   ⥫  ⠪
ଠ樨   ...".     ⮬    ⬥,      
।ᬠਢ      ⢨⥫쭮   㯭   ᮢ襭
ﭨ,   ਭ᫨ ॠ ।.  砭 ᠥ  1
 354  㡫 ,  饩  ᢮ 㫨஢ ନ
"᭠  ணࠬ":  "ࠡ⪠   ணࠬ  ᥭ
    騥  ணࠬ     楫   ᠭ樮஢
㭨⮦,  ஢,  䨪樨    ஢  ଠ樨,
࠭饩  ୮ ⥬,    設 ⥫, 
ࠧࠡ⪠   ᯥ樠      ணࠬ,         
ᯮ짮,   ࠭  ⥫    ⠪  ணࠬ
...".  筠    㫨஢    303  1 祭  
㡫 ⠭,  : "ࠡ⪠  ணࠬ 
ᥭ              騥    ணࠬ        楫
ᠭ樮஢   㭨⮦,   ஢,   䨪樨   
஢ ଠ樨,  ࠭饩  ୮ ⥬,   
設 ⥫,   ⠪ ࠧࠡ⪠ ᯥ樠   ணࠬ,
    ᯮ짮    ࠭  ⥫   ⠪
ணࠬ ...".   ⮨ ,   ,  
 ᠭ  ⢫ 㪠 ⢨     ᠭ
 ࠦ. 祭 ꥬ  ⭮   174 
㡫  ⠭.  ਢ  㫨஢ ⮩ :  "...
  ᮢ  ணࠬ      ࠭  
ᮮ⢥饩   ᠭ樨     楫        ணࠬ,
࠭   ⥬,   ࠢ ᠭ樮஢ 
  ଠ樮 ⥬,  訩 ᪠,  ⨥,  㭨⮦
ଠ樨    ४饭  㭪樮஢   ⮩   ⥬   ...".
⭮,         ॡ   "ᮮ⢥  ᠭ",    
㯮祭  뤠  ⠪  ᠭ樨.      筮      ᠬ
ࠢ쭮,    饩 ࠡ,   273 
⮭᪮  㡫,    饥  ⨥  뭥ᥭ    
  㣮  :  " 273.  " ࠭
  ᮢ".  (1)    ࠭   
ᮢ,  -뢠  䮬.  (2)    ﭨ,  ᮢ襭:  1)
୮,   2)  稭 ⢥ ।,    3)    楫
࠭   㤠⢥ ୮ ⥬,  4) 
楫 ࠭    ,  ।祭 
᥮饣 짮, -뢠 䮬,  ⮬,  襭
᢮  ப      ".

    ᯮ짮 ନ  "।᭠  ணࠬ",      ᭥
ନ  "।᭮ ணࠬ"   㪠 ਥ,   
ணࠬ   ।묨.   砭 ᠥ  
273  ᨩ᪮ 樨,   272  ࡠ᪮ 㡫,
 290  ᪮ 㡫      335    બ⠭,
騬  㫨஢.   ନ "।᭠ ணࠬ"
뭥ᥭ     㣮  :  "  273.  ",
ᯮ짮  ࠭ । ணࠬ  ". 
ணࠬ      ᥭ      騥  ணࠬ,
  ਢ  ᠭ樮஢ 㭨⮦,  ஢,
䨪樨  ஢ ଠ樨,  襭 ࠡ , ⥬
      ,    ࠢ  ᯮ짮  ࠭ ⠪
ணࠬ  設 ⥫  ⠪ ணࠬ ...".    
⨢  ࠢ    ᢮ ࠦ,  ९ 㭠த묨
ࠬ   樥  .  ᭥    砭    
      ।⠢    室  쭥  㦤.  
।  ନ  "।᭠  ணࠬ"  뭥ᥭ     
㣮     㡫    (  354)    㡫
⠭  (  303).    ⥩  筮      룫廊
᫥騬   ࠧ:   "   354.  ࠡ⪠,  ᯮ짮  
࠭ । ணࠬ".   285  㧨 ।
   ନ   "।᭠  ணࠬ"        
㣮          㫨஢:  "  285.  ",
ᯮ짮    ࠭  । ணࠬ  ".  1.
  ।  ணࠬ        ᥭ     
騥  ணࠬ,    ਢ    ᠭ樮஢
㭨⮦,  ஢, 䨪樨  ஢ ଠ樨 
襭  ࠡ ,  ⥬    ,   ࠢ ᯮ짮
 ࠭ ⠪ ணࠬ   設  ⥫    ⠪
ணࠬ   ...".        㡫  ⠭  㣮  ,
騥  㯫, ࠦ   227  
"ࠢ            ୮   ଠ樨,   ᮧ,
ᯮ짮  ࠭ । ணࠬ  ".   3
⮩    㫨஢   273  .

     ⥫⢮    ᨩ᪮    樨      
 㯫.   28 "㯫   ୮
ଠ樨"   ⮨   ⥩.

     272. ࠢ   ୮ ଠ樨.
    1. ࠢ         ࠭塞      ୮
ଠ樨,            ଠ樨      設   ⥫,   
஭-᫨⥫쭮 設 (),  ⥬    ,  ᫨
   ﭨ     㭨⮦,  ஢,  䨪  
஢ ଠ樨,  襭 ࠡ , ⥬    ,
-  뢠  䮬    ࠧ      
ࠧ஢  㤠   ࠧ ࠡ⭮      室
㦤    ਮ      楢,   ࠢ⥫묨
ࠡ⠬  ப   楢   ,  襭 ᢮
 ப   .
    2.     ﭨ,  ᮢ襭  㯯      ।⥫쭮
ᣮ    ࣠ 㯯  殬  ᯮ짮 ᢮
㦥 ,   ࠢ 騬   , ⥬   
,  -  뢠  䮬    ࠧ        쬨
 ࠧ஢  㤠   ࠧ  ࠡ⭮    
  室  㦤    ਮ    쬨 楢,  
ࠢ⥫묨 ࠡ⠬  ப           ,  
⮬  ப     楢,  襭 ᢮  ப
  .

     273.  ,  ᯮ짮  ࠭ ।
ணࠬ  
    1.  ணࠬ    ᥭ    騥
ணࠬ,    ਢ    ᠭ樮஢  㭨⮦,
஢, 䨪樨  ஢ ଠ樨, 襭 ࠡ
,   ⥬            ,     ࠢ  ᯮ짮  
࠭  ⠪  ணࠬ    設  ⥫      ⠪
ணࠬ,  -  뢠  襭  ᢮  ப    
䮬  ࠧ         ࠧ஢  
㤠      ࠧ ࠡ⭮    室 㦤 
ਮ     楢.
    2.     ﭨ,  訥  ஦ 寧 ᫥⢨,
-뢠 襭 ᢮  ப    ᥬ .

     274.  襭 ࠢ ᯫ樨 ,  ⥬   

    1. 襭 ࠢ ᯫ樨  ,  ⥬        
殬,  騬      ,  ⥬      ,  襥
㭨⮦, ஢  䨪 ࠭塞  ଠ樨
,  ᫨    ﭨ  稭  ⢥  ।,  - 뢠
襭  ࠢ     ।         
।  ⥫쭮    ப    ,   易⥫묨
ࠡ⠬  ப   쬨      ப  ᮢ,  
࠭祭 ᢮  ப   .
    2.   ﭨ,  襥  ஦  寧  ᫥⢨,
-뢠 襭 ᢮  ப   .

     ⭮襭 , ᮢ訢 㯭 ﭨ,  ᫥騥
   : ࠦ ᨩ᪮ 樨  ﭭ
஦騥    ᨩ᪮ 樨   ࠦ⢠,  ᮢ訢訥
㯫   ।  ᨩ᪮  樨,    㣮
⢥⢥    饬  ,  ᫨  ᮢ񭭮  ﭨ
ਧ 㯫  㤠⢥,   ਨ ண   뫮
ᮢ襭,    ᫨    뫨 㦤  ࠭ 㤠⢥
(  12    1).  ࠦ  ᨩ᪮  樨,   ᮢ訢訥
㯫  ਨ ࠭ 㤠⢠,   뤠
⮬ 㤠 ( 13  1).

      ⨢ 㡫 ଠ.

     ࠢ  ᬮ७   㣮  ⥫⢮  
࠭      ਡ⨪,  ਢ  ⢥⢥    ᮢ襭
㯫   ୮ ଠ樨, ।ᬮ७ 㣮
⥫⢮ .

    2. . "襭 (⪠)" [3]
    ࠣ 22. "। "
     㯫 蠥 ,    ।⠢  㯪
।⢥ 㯠  ⢫ ⠢ 㯫.

    15 .   "襭   ᮭ쭮          ⠩
࠭⢠"  [3]  ࠣ  202a.  "뢥뢠  "  ( 
ᢥﬨ) 1.   㯮祭 (ࠢ筮)  ,    
।祭            ᮡ      饭   ⨢
ࠢ୮ 㯠,  뢠  ᥡ  -  㣮,  㤥
 襭 ᢮  3-    䮬.
    2. ,   ᫥    1,  ⮫쪮  ,    ஭,
⭮   -㣮  ।⢥ ਭ, ࠭塞
 । (뫠, 뫠).

    27 . "० ⢠" [3]
    ࠣ 303. "० ⢠"
    1. ,    ࠢ୮     (०)      ࠧ蠥
(㭨⮦)  ,  㤥  襭 ᢮  2-  
 䮬.
    2. ⪠ (襭) 㥬.
    -    ଠ [3],  ࠣ  11,  I,  N5:    
ࠢ୮  ⢨  - ⮫쪮 ⠪,  ஥ 㤮⢮ ⠢
㯫 㣮 .
    -   ࠦ᪮  ଠ [4],  ࠣ 90: 
-   頬  ⮫쪮 ⥫  (ਠ)  ।.
ࠣ 303a. " "
    1. ,  ࠢ୮  (ࠣ 202a  2  ଠ)
㤠,  뢠,  ਢ    ,  㤥 
襭 ᢮  2-    䮬.
    2. ⪠ 㥬
    ࠣ 303b. "୮ ।⥫⢮" (⠦)
    1. ,  蠥 ࠡ ,  讥 祭 
஭ ।,  ஭   ० (⢠,
⨢ ࣠) ⥬,  :
    - ᮢ蠥 㯮 ᮣ᭮ ࠣ 303a  1 
    - ⠭    ࠡ⪨     ⥫  㭨⮦
(ࠧ蠥), ०, ਢ  , ࠭ ()
    㤥    襭  ᢮   5   
䮬.
    2. 襭 (⪠) 㥬.
    ࠣ 303c. " () ௥襣"
     砥 ࠣ䮢 303-303b ᫥ 㯮 ⮫쪮  
  (),  ஬  ,         稭   ᮡ
⢥ ᮢ (㤠⢥ )  㣮
᫥  ࣠  㣮  ᫥  ⠥  室
(ॡ㥬) 㯫 ⢠  ⢥ ⥫ .

    ஬ ⮣,  ࠢ  ⭮襭    ୮ ᭮
ॣ㫨 ᠭ   㤠 23.11.2001   "樥 
 㯫" [5].

                          3.  

    祢 室   ⪮    ᯮ㥬    
ਭ樯   .     ⮬,      宦  ﭨ
(ਬ,   ࠡ     ࠦ  -  饭  ⢠)    ࠧ
।  ࠧ稬 . ஬ ⮣, ⭮襭 ﭨ  ࠧ
㯭  ந室      ண  ᮮ⢥⢨ ⮣ ﭨ 
।,     (ਭ樯       㣮
⥫⢥).   ᬮਬ   饯ਧ   ।  
,  ।⠢  ᢮    ᨩ᪮  樨.  
⢨ ⠪ । -  㡫 筨, 室
  ᢮  㯥.      㯮ॡ塞   
ନ  ਢ   ⮤᪨ ४  ⥬ "᫥
㯫   ୮ ଠ樨"

    (http://deadman.interdon. net/tmp/27x.html).

     ⮬  ᫥   ,         ᫮   ⠢   
ᨮ묨   ணࠬ⠬      ᮤন   讥  ⢮
筮⥩.    ⮤ ஢ ᫥⢥ ⢨, ᠭ
 ⮩ ࠡ,  ࠪ    䨫쬠 "",
४ ਭ  ᢥ ਢ  ⮩  ࠡ ଠ.
  ਢ   ਬ  ।,  ࠧ᭥ 
       饩  ࠡ:    -    믮塞
権,  ⠢ ணࠬ,   ⫨稥  ,  묨
믮 樨.  ,  뢠 ᫥⥫쭮
設  権,    ந  ࠭  ᥬ 
⥪ ணࠬ.   - 訥 ணࠬ, ७
 ணࠬ ᯥ祭,  騥   ᠬࠦ஢
(࠭,   ࠦ   㣨   ணࠬ).   筮   
ࠦ묨  㭪ﬨ,      প ࠡ,  㭨⮦
  .

                       3.1. ਭ樯 

     ⢮⢠  (    ਬ  )   ⢨⥫
᫥騥  ࠢ:  "ॡ  ।񭭮"  -    
   ᪠    ᫥    ࠪ⮢;  "१㬯
"  -   ᮬ   塞 (IN DUBIO PRO REO -
);  " " - ⢨  ᮫⭮ 筮 室
  ।,  㪠   ,  ⮫쪮  ⮬ 砥
  ᮡ ⠢ 㯫;

     ࠢ   "१㬯   ",      ⠪   
᫥饥:    㯫  㪠     (Nullum crime
sine legis - ).

     ࠢ ࠦ  樨 :

    塞   易 뢠 ᢮  ( 49 
2).  ࠭  ᮬ        ⮫     
塞  (  49    3).    易 ᢨ⥫⢮
⨢ ᠬ ᥡ ( 51    1).  ,  ⠭騩  
騩 ⢥⢥, ⭮ ᨫ   ( 54  1).
    ⢥⢥  ﭨ,  ஥     
ᮢ襭    ਧ  ࠢ襭.  ᫨  ᫥  ᮢ襭
ࠢ襭  ⢥⢥       ࠭      祭,
ਬ   ( 54  2).

     ࠢ ⠪ ࠦ      [6]:

    ਬ 㣮     ᪠  (  3
   2).      㣮  ⢥⢥  ⮫쪮    
⢥  ⢨ (⢨)    㯨訥  ⢥
 ᫥⢨,  ⭮襭  ⠭   ( 5
 1).  ꥪ⨢ ,    㣮 ⢥⢥  
   稭   ।,    ᪠  (  5    2).
᭮  㣮  ⢥⢥     ᮢ襭   ﭨ,
ᮤঠ饣      ਧ   ⠢  㯫,  ।ᬮ७
騬 ᮬ  (  8).  㯭    㥬  ﭨ
। 㣮 , ⢮訬  ६ ᮢ襭 ⮣
ﭨ ( 9  1).

     ᮡ ⬥,   ᪮ 㯫   ୮
     ᤨ 㣮 ,   ஢ 
  ணࠬ  ⮬묨  (   ) 
४묨  ⨬  뤢 .

                           3.2. 㯫

    ⨥ 㯫        14:
    㯫 ਧ   ᮢ襭  ⢥  ᭮
ﭨ, 饭 騬 ᮬ  ஧ .
      㯫 ⢨ (⢨),   ଠ쭮 
ᮤঠ饥  ਧ  -  ﭨ,  ।ᬮ७  騬
ᮬ,    ᨫ ⥫쭮  ।⠢饥  ⢥
᭮,         稭襥  ।      ᮧ襥  ஧
稭 । 筮,   㤠.

  ࠡ      "⨥      㯫                    ⠢

                (http://refportal.ru/law/ref47145.html)

      ᫥騥 ᭥:
    ⢥ ᭮    ﭨ   -      ਠ   ਧ
㯫.
    ⢥ ᭮   砥,      ﭨ   ।᭮  
⢠,  ..  ⢥  ᭮  ⮨    ⮬,    ﭨ
稭      ᮧ   ஧   稭   ⢥   ।
⢥ ⭮襭.
     ⨢ࠢ   -     ⢥  ᭮  ﭨ,
।ᬮ७ 㣮   ⢥ 㯫.
    易⥫ ਧ  -   ਧ 騥 ᥬ  ᪫祭
⠢ 㯫.   㯫   ⠭:
    -  ꥪ; - ⨢; - 楫; - ᫥⢨ 㯫; -
稭      ﭨ         ᫥⢨ﬨ,      ⠪
⥫⢠,  ࠪਧ騥 ६,  ᯮᮡ,  ⠭,  㤨 
।⢠ ᮢ襭 㯫.

         24 ,    
   㯫,       ﭨ,  ᮢ襭    ஦,
ਧ  㯫.         26   ।⠢   ⥣ਨ
㯫,  ᮢ襭  ஦.    28 ,
 ﭨ, 騥 ⠢ 㯫, 㯫  .

    祢 ᫮  ""  㦭  ࠪ⮢  ⠪:  ᫨   祫,
ᮢ訢訩 ﭨ,    ,      ( 裡 
㯭 ଠ樨)  ⢥ ᭮  ᢮  ﭨ  (
஧ 稭 ⢥ ।),    ࠢ  ᮢ訫,  
ᮢ訫             .     ᪫祭:     "ᮮ⢥⢨:
䨧᪨    ॡ  ६  ᫮  
ࢭ-᪨ ॣ㧪",   ᮧ  ⢥
᭮ ᢮ ⢨  ⥫⢠ ,  "  ।:
  ⥫⢠    뫮       ।".
  ⭥ᥭ  ﭨ    ⨢ࠢ ﭨ 㦭 ਥ஢
  祭 ﭨ, ਢ  . ﭨ  ᨬ 
⥯  ᭮  ⭮   㯫 (᫥  㣮
)   㯪  (᫥    ⨢  ).
,      諮  ࠦ    㣮 ,  㯫 
.

      " ࠢ ࠭ ணࠬ  ஭ ᫨⥫
設      "  [7]      1    ᫥騥 ।:
ணࠬ  ;   ;   ணࠬ     
;  䨪  (ࠡ⪠)  ணࠬ     ;
஢ ணࠬ  ;  ந ணࠬ   
    ;  ࠭  ணࠬ     ;
  ᢥ  (㡫)  ணࠬ          ;
ᯮ짮  ணࠬ      ;  ࠢ⥫.  
ᮮ⢥⢨  ⨬ :  ணࠬ   -  ꥪ⨢ ଠ
।⠢   ᮢ㯭       ,  ।祭  
㭪樮஢  ஭  ᫨⥫  設  ()     㣨
  ன  楫 祭 ।񭭮 १. 
ணࠬ   ࠧ㬥  ⠪  ⮢⥫  ਠ,
祭    室    ࠧࠡ⪨,    ஦  㤨㠫
⮡ࠦ.  ⪮ ⠪ 㫨஢   ਬ
        (⥪)      । 
ਬ  IBM-ᮢ⨬ ࠬ    樮묨  ⥬
⨯  MS  DOS   MS Windows,       饩 ࠡ.
  ⮬,     ,      樮  ⥬  
   ࠧ           묨.    
஢   (ਬ,   ஢  ᯮ塞
䠩    ॢ  㥬 ),   
஢   (   ⮬,    ਬ,  ᭮
梨  ९ , ᯮ㥬  ணࠬ  ⥢
⠪).  ⢨ ⠪ ࠧ  묨   
      ᭮  稭    ⢮  
ᮢ.    砥 ४⭥ 뫮    ணࠬ  
᭮ ࠭⢮ ( , 䠩  ᪥,   㧮筮
ᥪ   ..),  ᮤঠ饥  ଠ,  ⠪    ᮤন  
ଠ樨    ஢  .   ᬠਢ
⥬   ᫥饥:   䠩,  ਬ  ᮤঠ饬
⥪⮢  (䠩    ७ﬨ  TXT,  LST,  DOC,  MSG    ..) 
᪨ (䠩  ७ﬨ BMP,  PCX,  GIF,  JPG,  TIF    ..)
,   ᢮ ७ ᯮ塞 䠩 (COM, EXE, BAT 
..).   䠩 㤥 ਭ 樮 ⥬  ணࠬ,
   ᮤন 㤥 ਭ 業ࠫ ஬  .
 ⮬   㤥 祭 ।  १, ਬ,
ᠭ   樮   ⥬    뤠    ᮫  砩
ᨬ.   ᤥ   砭   "楫 祭
।񭭮 १".   ணࠬ, । 祭
 . ਬ, ணࠬ  ᣥ஢ 砩
ணࠬ    楫  ஢,  ᪮쪮  ᯥ譮  
(   ஢   ਬ,   ਬ,       ⨢
ணࠬ)  㦨 ⨬ 樨 (illegal instructions
- .).   㣮 ਬ,  ᠭ ணࠬ   饣
 (ᥬ ).

      2   2 ⮣  ᪠:
    ணࠬ         ⭮  騬    
ꥪ⠬ ᪮ ࠢ.  ணࠬ   ।⠢ ࠢ
࠭  ந ,     -    ᡮ୨.
   ᫥,         㦤    쭥襬  
ணࠬ          ந  ୮  ⢮⢠.
⨬,        ᮮ⢥⢨    ।  ணࠬ    ,
          ࠧ  
ணࠬ.

    砥 祭    ਤ᪨ .  ᫨ 
   ணࠬ,      273          
ਬ    ᨫ ਭ樯 " ".  ᫨   
ணࠬ,     㯠    ⨢稥    㭠த묨
ࠬ     樥, ࠧ  :

    - ᮧ ୮ ந;
    - ᯮ짮 ଠ樨  楫 ⨬  ࠭祭 ࠢ
祫  ࠧ  ᠬࠧ ( ᫮,   ᮧ
  ᯮ    楫);
    - ࠭ ଠ樨 묨 묨 ᯮᮡ.

     ᭥    ।       Internet.
ਬ,  ࠡ "㯫   ୮ ଠ樨"

               http://vano-zhuk.narod.ru/pravo_ecom.html

     ᫥騥 ᭥:
     ᮮ⢥⢨      ⮩      ਬ⥫쭮       
 㯫  ୮ ଠ樥    
ᠬ ᢥ,   ଠ  ।⠢  設⠥ ,  
ᮢ㯭 ᨬ,  䨪஢    ,    
設   ⥫   (᪥,  ᪮,  ⮮᪮  ᪥,
⭮    ਠ쭮  ⥫).    뢠,
     ।  ᫮    䨧᪨      
⥫ﬨ ଠ樨.
     ()  -  ன⢮   ⥬ (᪮쪮 ꥤ
ன), ।祭  , ࠡ⪨  뢮 ଠ樨.
       -  ᮢ㯭  ஢,  ।     裡,
  ᯮ짮  ଠ樮     ᫨⥫   
   ,  祭      ᨬ      
宦.

     ,      ⥮ਨ  ணࠬ஢      
,    ன⢠.  , ਬ, ⠪ ⨥,
 設 ਭ,     ⥮᪨  ஬
(⥮᪠ ).

                        3.4 ।᭮ ணࠬ

      ७ ਨ,      ணࠬ    
⭥ᥭ    ࠧ  ।,         祭
ணࠬ,   뢠   ।묨.       ।    ନ
"।"  ⭮襭 ணࠬ  ।⠢ .   
⮬,    " ணࠬ"   ।    १
ணࠬ  訡,  ,  ਬ,  㭨⮦  ଠ樨  ࠭
ﬨ ⨢᭮ ணࠬ DrWeb  ᪠ ஢ ᮬ
OneHalf   㭨⮦ ଠ樨  ᪠  䠩 ⥬ FAT32
⨢᭮  ணࠬ  AidsTest    ᪥  㧮   ᮢ.
"ࠫ"  ணࠬ      १ ࠢ쭮 ਬ
  訩 ।, 祬 ᪠ ணࠬ. ਬ,  ᪥
ணࠬ FORMAT.COM  ।묨 ࠬࠬ   ப 
ଠ  ᪥ 㤥 ﭠ.  , ⭥ᥭ ⨢묨
ﬨ   ணࠬ    ࠧ  "।"    믮  
।,      ⢨.  ਬ,  ᠭ       ..
ᯥ᪮  "  " [8]   " ⠪ 
"  ࠧ "⪠    "ଠ쭮"  ।",  ணࠬ
KOH,  믮 ⢨   ଠ樨  ᠭ樮஢
㯠  ⭥ᥭ      ⥣ਨ      ᮢ.   
砥   ⮬,    稨 稭  ⥫쭮
ࡠ  १ ᯮ짮 ணࠬ,  ⭥   ணࠬ  
ࠧ । ணࠬ  ᥣ . ਬ,  १
୥-䨭  ᯮ짮 ⠪  ணࠬ,    
,    㦥      ࠡ祥 ६,    
஬ ਠ   (  ࠡ祣  ६).    ⮣,
ᮢ  饭 짮⥫  on-line ࠬ (ਬ,  ""
 ࠭

                http://deadman.interdon.net/tmp/penguin.swf

     "㯪   Real"  ࠭

               http://www.real.de/set/set.php?cont=gewinnen)

      ᢮ १⠬  宦   DDoS-⠪    ࢥ,
     ࠭騥.        ⮬  ࠧࠡ稪
㧥஢     뫮    ࠢ.    뫮  ᪠  ,
⥮᪨  ,    २ 䠩  (ਬ,
᪨ 䠩  ७ JPG)  䠩    ७  COM    
᪠      ணࠬ,      믮   ⨢  㭪樨
(㭨⮦ ଠ).       ⠪  䠩  ।᭮
ணࠬ,      ୮   㤮   ਢ     㣮
⢥⢥   273  ?  ஬ ⮣,   ࠧ
,  ணࠬ      ᮢ⨬ 筮 
.   १ ᮢ⨬ ᠭ   
祭    ணࠬ   믮 । (⨢)
⢨  ᯮ   㣮 ଥ. ⮨  뢠 ⠪
ணࠬ  "।묨"?   ,   ।᭠ ணࠬ
   㤥 ᮫⭮   ணࠬ    㣮
.      짮⥫  뢠    ⢥  ਥ
।᭮ ,           (  窨  ७
짮⥫),      ஫      (  
㤠      짮⥫    ᯥ樠  ।).  
짮⥫        ⭮ 䠩, 
  ⪮ ᪥  ⠫ ..:\Windows     ⭮
ணࠬ,     室    ᯨ᪥  ᮢ  (ᯨ᮪  
ᮢ    ᬮ    ⨨  樨      Ctrl+
Alt+Del).  ⮨        ⮬  ᭮,     䠩 
  (  ᪥,    ,  ६  ࠡ    
..)?   設⢮   ணࠬ     樮  ।  MS  Windows
 㤠    ⥬    ᯥ樠  ।,  뢠
⠫ࠬ  (uninstall  - .).    짮⥫ ஫
 樮 । MS Windows?       㤠    ᢮
   樮 ⥬ MS Windows (ਬ,  㤠
  "ࠡ稩  ⮫",  "ୠ  ২",   "⥢   㦥",
"Internet   Explorer")?    ਢ    㦤  ⠭
祢,    ।  "।᭮"    ஡⨪   
ᮢ ᫨誮 ꥪ⨢  ⮣,  ⮡   뫮 뭮 
㫨஢ 㣮 .

        ᠬ⥫쭮  ணࠬ ᫥
७     䠩.   ⠭  ⮩ ணࠬ,   
ਫ.    ⮬  ᠬ  ஢   ணࠬ      砥
   ᠬ஢,    ⠫  ,  ᮬ    .
᪮  㫨஢  273          "।
ணࠬ",     ⠪  ணࠬ,  祢,  㦭    
஢ ணࠬ,  ᫨ ਢ訩        ᥡ
⨢   㭪樨.   뢠      ஢  (ਬ,  
஢  ᮬ  FMRA  室    ணࠬ)    楢
஢ ணࠬ 뫮  १୮  ᪮॥ ᥣ 믮.

     "।᭮"  ୮    뢠  믮
஢묨   ணࠬ   㬥஢   㭪権.   
쭮 讥 ⢮ ணࠬ  㬥஢ 㭪樨,
 ⮫쪮  ⮬ ᭮ 뢠  ।묨 .    
⮬,      ᥭ ࡠ  믮 ணࠬ ⠪ 㭪権
⢥⢥  ࠧࠡ稪 ணࠬ,  ⠪     믮塞
ணࠬ   㭪樨     ࢨᮬ,  砥    ⭮
ந⥫.    ⮬    ⢥⢥    ਧ      
믮  ࠪ  - EULA.   ( ந  ⢨) 
 ࢨᮬ, ।⠢塞 ࠧࠡ稪 ணࠬ. ⥫ 
⬥,    ⭮襭    㬥஢  㭪  뢠 ⠪
.  ਬ,   ᠩ ࠧࠡ稪 ⨢᭮ 
KAV

                (http://avp.ru/news.html?id=146070069)

    ᮮ頥,  "⥯ ⨢ ᯥ᪮ ᯮᮡ ᯮ
饭 娢,  ⢫  ஫    ⥪  ஭
쬠    ஢  ⠪  䠩    稥 ᮢ".   
㭪 㤥  祭      ࠫ樨    ,
    ஫    娢  (      ⭮  ଠ樨 
࠭祭 㯮)   襩    . 
  ⮬  ,   ᯮ짮  㭪 㤥
  ⮢  ⠫   Internet,      ,         ⮩
䨤樠쭮   ଠ   㤥  ⢫  ᪮஫쭮,  
ਭ㤨⥫쭮 浪,   ᮣ 짮⥫.   祭 室
     ࣠権   ᢮ ஫  
ᮣࠦ    ⮤ .

     ᮡ    ᫮  (.   ࠧ   8),   ᮧ,
㡫      ᯮ짮      ᮢ     
।⠢  ⢥  ᭮,          
⢨  ᢮  ࠢ    ⢮⢮    ࠧ   ॠ
᢮    ᯮ짮  ଠ樨.  ஬   ⮣,   㡫,
ᯮ짮  ࠭  ᮢ  
⥬   ଠ樨,  ⨢  ॠ஢      ஧
᭮      ஢  ७     ᪮
ਬ  ।     ଠ樨   (⢨      
ந⢮    ணࠬ   ⥬      ଠ樨,   ਬ,
⨢ ணࠬ).  , 祭  ᮢ 
ᯮ짮        ࠧࠡ⪨ ᮡ⢥ ।
 ଠ樨 (ਬ  ணࠬ KOH     .  ᯥ᪮),
  ࠩ  (ᯮ  ணࠬ -⭮ 
Sheriff

               [http://www.antivirus.ru/Okno5_Sheriff.html],

    த ମ 㪠

                          [http://www.dials.ru]),

    ணࠬ-娢

               (ਬ  -ASPack   [http://www.aspack.com/])

     .    㡫   ᮢ    ⠪
  楫  ஢  񦭮 ࠭ ⥬  ଠ樨.
⭨    㡫権  ᮢ     ஭   ७,
஭ ୠ,      WEB-࠭ 뢠,
     楫   .      ᠬ      ⮨⢮
㡫  ᮢ    ࠭  ଠ樨     
襭  ࠬ⭮  짮⥫  ᮭ   ஢.   
ᥪ,   㬥訥  ᫥ ६   ࢥ,
⠪  LoveScan,  Sobig  MyDoom,  ⠫  ⮫쪮 
⢨  짮⥫ ᮭ ஢  
    ᭮.  ஬  ⮣,  ⠫  ॢ   ᮧ,
ᯮ짮      ࠭      ᮢ    ࠧ
㯫    ஡ ୮ ᭮.  
⮬,      ,   ⢫騥  ⨢ࠢ  ﭨ    
 ᮢ,     ᢮  ⢨    ᢮  ᪨
ࠢ,  ⠪      ࠢ      ࠤ
஭.   ⮬  ⠪  㤮  ࣠  ࠢ浪  㤠
    㯭  (  砨 )   
㤥  浪    .   饥   設⢮   
㯫     묨      ⮬  砥,    
"" ᮧ⥫ ,  襣 ᠫ ,  ࠤ訥
஭ । ⥫ 㬬 ࠦ, .

   3.5. ࠭, 㡫  ᯮ짮 ணࠬ  

      " ࠢ ࠭ ணࠬ  ஭ ᫨⥫
設      "       1      ᫥騥   ।:
࠭  ணࠬ      -  ।⠢
㯠  ந   ਠ쭮 ଥ ணࠬ  
  ,   ⮬ ᫥ ⥢묨  묨 ᯮᮡ,  ⠪ ⥬
த,  ப,  ᤠ ,  ।⠢ ,  
      楫;    ᢥ (㡫) ணࠬ 
    -  ।⠢ ஢ ணࠬ   
        ᮣ   ।   ( ⮬
᫥ ⥬          ᪠  ⭮  ⥪),  
᫮,      ⢮   ⠪  ஢    㤮⢮
ॡ ⮣ 㣠 ,  ਭ    ࠪ  㪠
ந;  ᯮ짮  ணࠬ        - 
  ᢥ,  ந,  ࠭   ⢨  
  宧⢥  ( ⮬ ᫥  ஢ ଥ).
 ਧ ᯮ짮 ணࠬ      ।
।⢠  ᮢ ଠ樨 ᮮ饭  饭  ᢥ ணࠬ
    .

     ᫥  뢠,    ண ,  "࠭" 
"㡫"  -     ࠧ   .   ࠭   -   
।⠢  㯠    ணࠬ    ਠ쭮  ⥫  (CD,
᪥,  ⪮  ᪥      ⠪   ).      ⥢   ᯮᮡ
࠭  ࠧ㬥  ।⠢  㯠   ࠡ饩
ணࠬ    १    ᯥ樠    ⮪.    ਬࠬ    ⥢
࠭    㦨 online-஢ઠ 짮⥫᪨ 䠩
⨢᭮  ணࠬ  DrWeb

                     (http://www.dials.ru/www_av/)

    १ WEB-ࢨ  (    砥       ࠭
ணࠬ DrWeb),  online-ॢ ⥪⮢      몠    㣮
।⢥  ࢥ  PROMT

                      (http:// www.translate.ru/)

    १ WEB-ࢨ  (    砥       ࠭
ணࠬ PROMT),  ஢ ⥪⮢  䠩    PDF-ଠ  
ࢥ  Adobe

  (https://createpdf.adobe.com/index.pl/1672561531.57312?BP=IE&v=AHP)

    १ WEB-ࢨ  (    砥       ࠭
ணࠬ  Adobe  Distiller)    ⠪   .   ⮬      ⥢
࠭  ᮢ 㦭  ஢ 짮⥫᪨
䠩   १   WEBࢨ    ।⢥        ࢥ    ,
࠭饣  .      ⥢  ࠭  
 ஢ 䠩   짮⥫   ᬮ
WEB-ᠩ ,  ࠭饣 . 㡫 -  饭
ணࠬ ( ⮬ ᫥  室 )  WEB-࠭,  ୠ 
뫪  ७ (஭ ७樨   ਠ쭮
ମ ।⠢ ଠ樨)  ⢥  ଠ樨.  㡫
㤥      ᯮ짮        ⮬  砥,  ᫨  楫
㡫          㡫  ணࠬ
(ਬ,  楫  㡫樨   ⥪⮢ । - ।஢
⥪⮢ ⥫ﬨ;  楫 㡫樨 ᪮ ணࠬ -  ஢⢮
஫,  楫 㡫樨 ୮  - ஢ 䠩).

    쭮   ਬ  ࠭ ⨢᭮ 
 ਢ  ⭮ ᠩ VIRUSLIST,  饭 ୮
᭮

 (http://www.viruslist.com/index.html?tnews=1001&id=144716956):

    01.03.2004.   F-Secure  ࠧ᫠ ⠬   ਭ᫠
. ᪨ ந⥫ ⨢᭮ ணࠬ ᯥ祭
F-Secure ਭ   ᮢ 뫪 ⮢  Netsky.B
(Moodown.b)  ᪮쪨  砬  ᢮  ⮢      ⠭,
ᮮ頥  ᠩ  Vnunet.com.  "  ᨫ  祫᪮  䠪   
 ஭ 쬮,  ࠦ ᮬ  Netsky.B.    
祭  १ 譨 ⮢ ࢥ    ᯨ᪥ 뫪
 ⠭᪨ ⮢.    襫      襩  :    ᯨ᮪
뫪    ࠢ .  ᫨  㦥  ⨢
,  ⢨ Netsky.B  襩 設 㦥 ४饭",  -  
⥪ 樠쭮 쬥  F -Secure.

                               3.6. 㬥

       "  易⥫쭮    㬥⮢" [9]   1
 । ᫥ ⨩:  易⥫  㬥⮢;
㬥;  ⥬  易⥫쭮  ;  易⥫ ᯫ
;  易⥫    ;  易⥫  ᯫ
䥤ࠫ   ;  易⥫    ꥪ  ᨩ᪮
樨;  易⥫ ᯫ    ;  ந⥫
㬥⮢;         ⥫         㬥⮢;         樮
筮-ଠ樮 䮭 ᨩ᪮ 樨.  ਢ  
⠪ ।:  㬥 - ਠ ꥪ  䨪஢ 
  ଠ樥        ⥪,   㪮      ࠦ,
।祭  ।  ६  ࠭⢥  楫 ࠭
 ⢥ ᯮ짮.

    ᪮ ୠ   ଠ          ਠ
ꥪ⮬,  ,  ⭮,    ᬠਢ  ⢥ 㬥
(᫥⥫쭮,   ᯮ짮  㤥   ⢥  ⥫⢠
).      ᮦ,              ।  ନ
"䨪஢ ଠ樨".  ⭮,   ᫥ , 
䨪஢    ⠪ ଠ,   ⠭ 
ਠ쭮 ⥫      ஢    㤠  
    ⮣,  ⮡  ਠ ⥫     
᢮ ᢮.  ਬ஬ ⠪ 䨪樨 ଠ樨,  ,  ᫥
     -    񭪨,  ⮣䨨,  ⮡ࠦ
ᯥ樠쭮 ᪮    㬠  ⥪    ࠦ,  䮪  
䮫,   ᯥ⪨   室  ⥪⮢  ணࠬ,  ஦  
१뢠 CD-᪮  ..  ᫨  ୮,      
䨪樥   ६   ࠭   ଠ樨      ⨢  
,    १뢠  ਠ   ⥫,   묨
 奬  -,   ᪨ (᪥), 
⪨  ᪨ (), १뢠 CD-᪨  ..

      " ⨨  㭠த ଠ樮 "  [10] 
   2         ᫥騥  ।:  㬥஢
ଠ;   䨤樠쭠   ଠ;    ᮢ    ଠ;
ଠ樮    ;    ଠ樮    த   (த);
ଠ樮  㣨;   ᮡ⢥   㬥஢   ଠ樨,
ଠ樮  ᮢ,  ଠ樮  த⮢    ()  ।
㭠த  ଠ樮  ;      㬥஢
ଠ樨,  ଠ樮 ᮢ,  ଠ樮 த⮢  ()
।    㭠த    ଠ樮    ;    짮⥫
(ॡ⥫)   ଠ樨,   ।   㭠த  ଠ樮
;  ଠ樮 ;  㭠த ଠ樮  ;
।⢠  㭠த  ଠ樮 ;  ଠ樮 
(।);   ଠ樮   ᭮.   ਢ         :
㬥஢    ଠ   (㬥)   -   䨪஢   
ਠ쭮  ⥫  ଠ    ४⠬,   騬   
஢;

    㣨 ᫮, ᫨  砭  ।饬 ।,
  WEB-࠭ (࠭  ,  䠩   ᫥
䨪樨)      㬥⮬  ᫮ ਭ 
 ஭    ᮤঠ  WEB-࠭殩  ⠪  .  
饥 ६  ⢥ত  ,  ࠭ ਭ
 ᠩ ( ࠭  ᮧ   ஢  
,           ࠭   뫠   ᮧ      ஢
諥).  饭  ஭ ७樨 ⠪   
   㬥⮬,   ⥬          ४  (
ᮮ饭,  ,   宦,    ),  ᫨   뫮
饭 ஭  ,  ன  뫮 
⢥न.

     ࠧ,   ⢥ 㬥  ᯮ짮   
 ଠ,   ⠫  ਠ쭮 ⥫ 
 ⮬  ⠪ 䨪樮  ਧ,    
  뫮   ⢥न (ਬ,   ⢮ ଠ樨).
  㣠  ଠ  㬥⮬    .  ᪫祭  
⠢  -䠩,     ଠ  ஢
⥬.

                              3.7. ଠ

      " ଠ樨, ଠ⨧樨   ଠ樨" [11] 
 2   ᫥騥 ।: ଠ; ଠ⨧;
㬥஢  ଠ  (㬥);   ଠ樮   ;
ଠ樮 ⥬;  ଠ樮 ; ଠ  ࠦ
(ᮭ   );    䨤樠쭠    ଠ;    ।⢠
ᯥ祭  ⮬⨧஢  ଠ樮 ⥬   孮;
ᮡ⢥ ଠ樮 ᮢ,  ଠ樮 ⥬, 孮
   ।      ᯥ祭;      ଠ樮   ᮢ,
ଠ樮   ⥬,   孮      ।      ᯥ祭;
짮⥫  (ॡ⥫)  ଠ樨.  ਢ      :
ଠ - ᢥ  ,  ।, 䠪, ᮡ,  
 ᨬ    ।⠢; ଠ樮 
-    ᡮ,   ࠡ⪨,   ,   ࠭,   ᪠   
࠭  ଠ樨;  ଠ樮  ⥬  - ࣠樮
㯮冷祭   ᮢ㯭   㬥⮢   (ᨢ   㬥⮢)   
ଠ樮   孮,    ⮬  ᫥    ᯮ짮  ।
᫨⥫쭮 孨  裡,  ॠ  ଠ樮  ;
ଠ樮    -  ⤥  㬥    ⤥  ᨢ
㬥⮢,  㬥  ᨢ 㬥⮢   ଠ樮  ⥬
(⥪,  娢,  䮭,   ,  㣨 ଠ樮
⥬).

     ࠧ,         ଠ樮   ⥬   
ଠ樮  ᮬ WEB-࠭  ஭ ७樨. 
㡫   ᢥ  ଠ樥.

      "  ⨨    㭠த  ଠ樮  "  
 2   ᫥騥 ।: 䨤樠쭠 ଠ
- 㬥஢  ଠ,      ன  ࠭稢  
ᮮ⢥⢨   ⥫⢮ ᨩ᪮ 樨;  ଠ樮
த (த) - 㬥஢ ଠ,  ⮢  
ᮮ⢥⢨     ॡﬨ  짮⥫    ।祭  
ਬ塞        㤮⢠७    ॡ⥩     짮⥫;
ଠ樮 㣨 - ⢨ ꥪ⮢ (ᮡ⢥  楢)
 ᯥ祭 짮⥫ ଠ樮묨 த⠬; ଠ樮
  (।)  -  ⥫쭮 ꥪ⮢,  易  ᮧ,
८ࠧ  ॡ ଠ樨;  ଠ樮 ᭮
-  ﭨ 饭 ଠ樮 । ⢠, ᯥ稢饥
  ନ஢,  ᯮ짮    ࠧ⨥        ࠦ,
࣠権, 㤠⢠.

    室   ।  ⮣,   ணࠬ  ந
୮  ⢮⢠,    ।,    㡫㥬   
WEB-࠭         ஭   ७  ணࠬ  
ଠ樥.  ஬ ⮣,  ணࠬ  , 塞 
१   ७      ᮢ,      ⭥   
䨤樠쭮 ଠ樨 -  ᮮ⢥⢨  ।  ନ
"㬥".

       "  ।⢠  ᮢ ଠ樨" [12]   2 
 ᫥騥 ।:  ᮢ  ଠ;  ।⢮  ᮢ
ଠ樨;  ਮ᪮  ⭮ ;  ࠤ-,  ⥫-,  -,
஭쭠  ணࠬ;  த  ।  ᮢ  ଠ樨;
࠭      த樨     ।     ᮢ     ଠ樨;
ᯥ樠஢  ।⢮  ᮢ  ଠ樨;  ।  ।⢠
ᮢ    ଠ樨;       ।;   ୠ;   ⥫;
࠭⥫.  ਢ   :   ᮢ ଠ樥
  ।祭    ࠭祭  㣠   ,
㤨-,  㤨㠫   ᮮ饭   ਠ;    ।⢮
ᮢ  ଠ樨  ਮ᪮ ⭮ , ࠤ-,
⥫-,   ணࠬ,   ஭쭠   ணࠬ,      ଠ
ਮ᪮  ࠭ ᮢ ଠ樨;   ਮ᪨
   ,  ୠ, 쬠, ⥭, 
,  饥 ﭭ , ⥪騩   室饥  ᢥ
 ०  ࠧ   ;    ࠭  த樨  ।⢠
ᮢ  ଠ樨  த (᪠,  ⠢,  ࠧ)
ਮ᪨    ,  㤨-    ᥩ  ணࠬ,
࠭     ࠤ-,     ⥫ணࠬ     (頭),     
஭ ணࠬ.

    祭 宦  ,   ।⠢  WEB-࠭  Internet
 㡫  ஭ ७ (࠭祭  )
ଠ  (ணࠬ            ந   ୮
⢮⢠) ⭮ ⠪  ᮢ ଠ樨.   ଠ쭮 WEB
-࠭  ஭ ७樨  ⭥  ।⢠ ᮢ
ଠ樨,    㡫        ࠭,
㯠  ᨫ  3  ⮣  ,    :  業  ᮢ
ଠ樨,   ॡ  ।樨 ।⢠ ᮢ ଠ樨
  ஭    ,  㤠⢥  ࣠,  ࣠権,
०    ⢥  ꥤ ।⥫쭮 ᮣᮢ뢠
ᮮ饭  ਠ (஬ 砥,   ⭮   
஬      㥬),      ࠢ        
࠭ ᮮ饭    ਠ,    ⤥  ⥩  -  
᪠.

    ⥫쭮, ᫨    㡫 ᮢ  㯫,  
 ᭮   㡫樨 ᮢ  ଠ樨    WEB-
࠭     ஭ ७.    ⨢稫 
ࠢ  ᢮,  ९  ᥮饩 樨 ࠢ  
  樨  ,      襭  3  "
।⢠ ᮢ ଠ樨".

     ࠡ 稭᪮ .. "ଠ樮 孮  ࠢ"

    (http: //crime-research.org/library/Inflaw.htm)

      ᭥    ।  "ଠ":  뢠騩
祭  " ꥪ⮢ ࠦ᪨ ࠢ"  ࠦ᪮   
砥  "ଠ".  ⥫쭮,  ଠ     ⠪   
⭮  ࠦ᪨  ᮬ      頬,     ⥫㠫쭮
ᮡ⢥.  ଠ   ⠪  ।⠢  ᮡ  ⥣
쭮,    易,  ॡ塞  (  ⨧)  
   ꥪ⮬  ࠢ⭮襭  ⭮⥫쭮      ⥫,
ᮤঠ,  騬  ਧ.  ଠ,    ⠪ 
  ᢮⢠,  騬  ९      ᪫⥫쭮
ࠢ.    ६ ࠢ୮ ⮦⢫ ଠ  ⥫,
  祭 ।  ६    㬥⮢  室  
ࠧ  娢    ࠭  ᮮ⢥騬  ⥫⢮ 
"".

  ᮢ ࠡ   ਬ⨪

                (http://download.referat.su/15985.zip)

     ᫥騥 ।  ᭥:
    ଠ樮   ⫨      ࠭ 쥢 
ࣥ᪨ ᮢ 楫  冷  ᮡ⥩,    :  -  
ॡ塞  থ  䨧᪮,  ࠫ쭮 ;
    -   ᢮ 魮 ਠ    ᢮    䨧᪮
⥫,  ஬ 饭;
    -  ᯮ짮  १ ᮪  ॡ ⠫
  ᮢ,     筮 ⮣ ਢ  ᠫ쭮 
।;
    -       ᮧ    ᯮ짮  ⢫  ᮡ
ᯮᮡ -   ୮ 孨.
     ⢥  ਬ᪮  㪥       
⪮ ।  ୮  㯫,  
ࠧ 窨 ७   䨪樨.

                     3.8.   ᪮ ࠢ

    "  ᪮  ࠢ  ᬥ ࠢ" [13]   4 
    । ᫥ ⨩: ; 㤨㠫쭮 ந;
 ;  ந ந; ந 䮭ࠬ;
;  ⮢⥫   㤨㠫쭮   ந;   ⮢⥫
䮭ࠬ;   ᯮ;   ᯮ⥫;   த  ந;
㡫 (  ᢥ);  ।  ;  ।  ࣠樨
୮     쭮  頭;    ந;  ᫥
।         ;     ணࠬ          ;     ந
⨢-ਪ        ⢠;        㡫       ;
०-⠭騪;        ९த஢         (९ண᪮
ந);  ᤠ    ப ();  ᮮ;  ᮮ 
᥮饣  ᢥ    ;  䮭ࠬ;    ந;
  䮭ࠬ.  ਢ    :   - 䨧᪮
,  ⢮᪨ 㤮 ண ᮧ ந; ந
ந  -  ⮢    ஢ ந
     ਠ쭮 ଥ,   ⮬ ᫥   ଥ 㪮
,   ⮢         ७      
஢ 嬥୮ ந    ७ -    
  ஢  嬥୮  ந;    ந  
  ⠪  ந;  த ந
-  ⢫    ᮣ  ⢨,  ஥  
ந 㯭  ᥮饣 ᢥ ⥬   㡫,
㡫筮  ,  㡫筮  ᯮ,  ।     
ᯮᮡ;

       ନ:  "ந"  "த".
⭮,  ந         ࠧ
୮  ,    ⮬  ᫥       ஢   殬   
ᯮ짮      ।.   த     ࢮ
㡫   ୮      (ਬ,   ஬)       
࠭    ⭮襭.

     ᮮ⢥⢨    ࢮ   7 ⮣ ,  "ꥪ⠬
᪮ ࠢ   ந  ( ணࠬ
 )".  ன  ⮩  ,  "࠭ ணࠬ
  ࠭    ணࠬ   ( ⮬  ᫥  
樮  ⥬),     ࠦ   몥  
  ଥ,    室  ⥪    ꥪ  ".    9
: ᪮ ࠢ  ந 㪨,   ⢠
  ᨫ 䠪  ᮧ.     ⢫
᪮   ࠢ      ॡ   ॣ樨  ந,  
ᯥ樠쭮  ଫ   ந      ᮡ   -
ଠ쭮⥩.  ⥫ ᪫⥫ ᪨ ࠢ  饭
 ᢮  ࠢ  ࠢ  ᯮ짮    ࠭  ᪮  ࠢ,
  頥    ந  ⮨  
⮢:
    - ⨭᪮ 㪢 "C"  㦭 c;
    -  () ⥫ ᪫⥫ ᪨ ࠢ;
    -  ࢮ 㡫 ந.

    ⨬,   ⨬  ணࠬ ࠢ  
ந.   ⥫쭮,   㫨஢      273      
⨢ ᭮ ࠢ  ᢮ , ९  ᥮饩
樨 ࠢ :   祫  ࠢ: ᪠, 
  ࠭  ଠ    묨 ।⢠  ᨬ 
㤠⢥ ࠭ ( 19;   祫  ࠢ ᢮
⢮    ୮    ⢠,  ᫠  ⢮,
⢮  筮 ண  짮    (  27
 1);

      樨 ᨩ᪮ 樨:
        ࠢ   ᢮   ᪠,   ,   ।,
ந  ࠭ ଠ   ᯮᮡ (
29  4);
    ࠭ ᢮   ᮢ  ଠ樨,  業  頥
( 29  5);   ࠢ  ࠧ ( 43 
1);  ᨩ᪠    ⠭  䥤ࠫ  㤠⢥
ࠧ⥫ ⠭,  ন ࠧ  ࠧ  
ᠬࠧ  (  43    5);   ࠭ ᢮
୮,  㤮⢥,  筮, 孨᪮  㣨 
⢮⢠, ९ ( 44  1);

     ᮡ  ભ,      c   易⥫쭮 
⢮  ந   ᪮ ࠢ. ஬
⮣,     3 ᪠:   㡫 ந  
 ᥢ ( ᪫祭  砥,    ᥢ    
⠢  ᮬ      筮)  ⥫,    
ண 祭  ந,  ⢨ ⥫ 
⠥  ।⠢⥫   ᮮ⢥⢨  騬   
⮬ ⢥  ࠢ    ࠢ      ᯥ稢  
⢫.        ,    ⠪
ந  ஥ ᢮ 筮     ᢮ ⢥.

      ࠢ    ᮢ    ⭮襭    ᢮
ந?    ࠢ        ⢥  ࠢ
( 15),  :
    ࠢ ਧ ஬ ந;
    ࠢ ᯮ짮  ࠧ ᯮ짮  ந;  ࠢ
த    ࠧ  த  ந   ଥ,
 ࠢ  ;
    ࠢ   ந,   ;

     ⢥ ࠢ ( 16),  :
       ⭮襭    ந  ਭ  ᪫⥫
ࠢ  ᯮ짮 ந   ଥ   ᯮᮡ;
    ᪫⥫ ࠢ   ᯮ짮  ந 
ࠢ ⢫  ࠧ ᫥騥 ⢨:
    - ந ந;
    - ࠭  ந  ᯮᮡ: த,
ᤠ  ப  ⠪  (ࠢ  ࠭);
    - 㡫筮 뢠 ந (ࠢ  㡫 ).

     ᫥,    ஬  ⨢   273   
,  襭 ᪨ ࠢ ⨢묨 ﬨ 
᪠  ᮢ  ६     .

         ⮬  ,   䨭ᮢ 室
⨢     ᨬ    ᯮ짮  
    ᮢ    (         த   ⨢
᪠஢-䠣,   ⮬  ᫥,  䠣).    ᬠਢ  
( 16,   3  4) ।ᬮ७ ᫥騥 ⭮襭 
ࠬ ᮢ  ⨢묨 ﬨ: ᫨  ࠢ୮
㡫  ந    ࠦ᪨  ।⢮
 த,   ᪠  쭥襥 ࠭   ᮣ
      믫  ᪮  ࠦ.     冷
᫥  ᪮  ࠦ         ᯮ짮
ந   ⠭    ᪮  ,  :    ᫮
"ࠢ୮" ᫥  㡫 ந   襭
᪨ ࠢ,   㡫 ᠬ ஬    ᮣ.
᪮  ᯮ짮 ᮢ  ⨢묨 ﬨ
᪠  ⮫쪮    砥  㯪 ᮢ,  ⨢ 
易   ଥࠬ    믫稢    ᪮
ࠦ.  ᪠ ᯮ짮   ᮣ  
ᮮ⢥⢨    26,        ⮬      믫祭
᪨ ࠦ.  ᮮ⢥⢨   18, ᪠ 
ᮣ    믫 ᪮ ࠦ ந
ணࠬ               楫,      ᪫祭  砥,
।ᬮ७ 쥩 25 ᬠਢ .  ᯮ짮
   ᮣ    믫 ᪮ ࠦ, 
 易⥫ 㪠  , ᪠  砥
    - ஢        ,   ᫥⥫᪨,   ᪨,
᪨  ଠ樮 楫;
    - 樨    ,    ࠤ-    ⥫।,  㪮- 
 祡 ࠪ;
    - ந    ,  ।       ᮮ饭 
  ᥮饣 ᢥ,   ,   ⠪ ந
 뫨 ᯥ樠쭮 饭 ஬;

        25  ᬠਢ  砨  ᢮  ந
ணࠬ     ,   ⠪ ஢  ணࠬ  
.  , ࠢ୮ 饥 ஬ ணࠬ    
,  ࠢ  祭 ࠧ襭       ⥫
᪫⥫   ࠢ    ᯮ짮  ந      믫
⥫쭮 ࠦ:
    -     ணࠬ           楫
樨;
    - ᤥ  (Back Up - .),    ᤥ 娢 ;
஢ ணࠬ  ꥪ    楫  樨    
ᮡ⢥ ணࠬ 짮⥫.
      砥 ਬ  ⮩  "  
ࠢ  ࡠ  ଠ쭮 ᯮ짮 ணࠬ   
         饬  ᭮  ࠧ  
      ⥫ ᪫⥫ ࠢ  ணࠬ
    ".   ࠧ 祭    ஡,
   ⭮襭      ଥࠬ     ࠧࠡ稪
⨢    ணࠬ.        ஡    ᬮ७    
⭮襭   室    ࠬ    ࠡ.  ⭮⥫쭮  
ਬ  ⮣       ࠭      ᮢ
(ᯮ짮    ᠭ樮஢  䨪樨  ணࠬ)  
᪠,    祢  襭  ।⢮     ᮢ
᪨  ࠢ        25,  ॡ饩 ࠢ୮ 
㥬묨 ࠬ ணࠬ  .   ⢥⢥ 
襭  ᪨  ࠢ 묨 ᠬ   
,   쥩  ந諮  襭.  筮 ⠪    ⨬
    ஢   ᯥ樠   ணࠬ   ।   (ਬ,
ᥬ஢  ⫠稪),  묨 ᮧ 娢   
ந      ஢    ᭮
 殬 ( ࠢ୮  ஬  ணࠬ  
).

            3.9. ⢥, , 짮⥫ ଠ樨

       " ⨨  㭠த ଠ樮 " [10] 
 2   ᫥騥 ।:
    - ᮡ⢥    㬥஢    ଠ樨,    ଠ樮
ᮢ,  ଠ樮  த⮢    ()  ।  㭠த
ଠ樮    -  ꥪ,  ॠ騩   ,
짮,    ᯮ殮    㪠묨    ꥪ⠬        ꥬ,
⠭   ;      㬥஢   ଠ樨,
ଠ樮  ᮢ,  ଠ樮  த⮢    ()  ।
㭠த ଠ樮  - ꥪ, ॠ騩 
,  짮  ᯮ殮 㪠묨  ꥪ⠬    ꥬ,
⠭  ᮡ⢥;  짮⥫ (ॡ⥫) ଠ樨,
। 㭠த ଠ樮  ( -  짮⥫) -
ꥪ,  騩    ᮡ⢥        祭
室  ଠ樮 த⮢    ᯮ짮
। 㭠த ଠ樮   騩 ;

     砭    ⥫  ,  
  ன⢥ ணࠬ    ࠡ,  뢠  ,
ᮤঠ騩 ᫥ 㫨஢:  " ,  ந  ६
ࠡ,   ᮡ⢥ ".        
᫮   ࠭   ࠡ祥 ६.  砥  ,
    ,  ᮧ   ணࠬ⮬,   ࠡ騬   
ࠪ,   ᮡ⢥ ࠡ⮤⥫?  ᫥⢨ 
ࠡ⮤⥫   ᮧ ணࠬ⮬ ୮   
ࠡ祥 ६?

3.10. 娢

     ᭮  ⥫⢠ ᨩ᪮ 樨 " 娢 䮭
ᨩ᪮  樨    娢"  [14]      1    ᫥騥
।:  娢  䮭  ᨩ᪮ 樨;  娢 㬥;
娢 䮭;  娢;  ⠩ 娢; 娢 . ਢ 
  :   娢 㬥⮬  㬥,  ࠭塞 
騩 ࠭  ᨫ    稬    ⢠,    ࠢ
騩 業  ᮡ⢥;   娢  ᮢ㯭
娢  㬥⮢,    ⠪  娢  ०    ୮
ࠧ ०,  ࣠樨  ।,  ⢫饥
ਥ  ࠭ 娢 㬥⮢      짮⥫;  
⠩ 娢  娢,  ஬   㡫筮.

       砥  娢 ᫥   ⮫쪮 ணࠬ
ᦠ 䠩  ଠ樥 (ணࠬ-娢:  ARJ,  ZIP,  RAR,  :),
᪮쪮     ࠭      짮⥫    䠩,
䨪஢    ਠ쭮  ⥫,      業   
ᮡ⢥ 娢.   ᮮ⢥⢨   7 ⮣ , 
祫    ࠢ  ࠭    㬥   (   ⮬   ᫥   
㡫  )    ᢮ ⥫:  ਤ᪨  䨧᪨
栬 ᨩ᪮ 樨 ࠭ ࠢ  ᮧ 娢.

    ⥫쭮, ⠪   ﭨ,      樮஢   ᮢ
(ᮧ    ࠭  娢)  㯫      
㯠  ⢥ 㫨   ।      ᮡ⢥.
஬  ⮣,   ᮮ⢥⢨   9 ⮣ ,    
ࠢ  娢  ᮡ⢥   ᮮ⢥饣  襭  㤠:
ࠢ   ᮡ⢥   ᨬ      ᮡ⢥  ࠭
⥫⢮ ᨩ᪮ 樨.    娢  㬥  
    ᮣ ᮡ⢥  㯮祭  ࣠ 
  ,   ᭮ 㤥 襭.

                   3.11. ।⢮  ଠ樨

      ᨩ᪮ 樨  "  㤠⢥  ⠩"  [15]  
   2  ਢ  ᫥騥  ।:  㤠⢥  ⠩;
⥫ ᢥ;  ⥬    㤠⢥  ⠩;    
㤠⢥ ⠩;   ᢥ, ⠢騬 㤠⢥
⠩;   ᥪ⭮;  ।⢠  ଠ樨. ਢ  
: 㤠⢥ ⠩ - 頥 㤠⢮ ᢥ  
  ,  譥᪮,   ᪮,   ࠧ뢠⥫쭮,
ࠧ뢠⥫쭮           ⨢-஧᪭     ⥫쭮,
࠭        ᭮  ᨩ᪮
樨;  ⥬  㤠⢥ ⠩ - ᮢ㯭 ࣠
 㤠⢥ ⠩, ᯮ㥬  ।  ⮤ 
ᢥ,  ⠢  㤠⢥ ⠩   ⥫,   ⠪
ய⨩,  ஢   楫;  ।⢠    ଠ樨  -
孨᪨,   ਯ⮣᪨,   ணࠬ      㣨  ।⢠,
।祭      ᢥ,  ⠢   㤠⢥
⠩,  ।⢠,     ॠ,  ⠪ ।⢠ ஫
䥪⨢  ଠ樨.

     ⮣  ᫥,    㤠⢥  ⠩    ࠭
ࠧ, ᪫騬  ।७  ࠧ襭. ஬ ⮣,
ᮧ  ᯮ짮 ୮   ணࠬ     
楫   ஫   䥪⨢      ଠ樨  (ਬ,  
஢  ⨢  ணࠬ)    㦥    ᮧ   
ᯮ짮  ।᭮  ணࠬ,    ᮧ   ᯮ짮
।⢠  ଠ樨.   ஢ ਤ᪮ ࠪ⨪  
ਬ ࠢ ﭨ,  ࠢ  ஢ ⥬ .
  

                (http://www.securitylab.ru/43199.html)

      ᫥ :  "  ࠢ  堪,  襣
ᠩ  "ᠤ"".  ࠨ᪨  ⮪,    ⪥ 
ᠩ "ᠤ",  ਧ  ᪨ 㤮 ᠫ.
 ᮮ頥 Ha'aterz,   堬  襫  뢮  ⮬,
    ⠫  ᠩ,    ஢ ஢ 
,    ஢ઠ  饭    ᠩ  - ﭨ,  ⮩
墠.

              3.12. ᯥ, ਢ ᫥⢨  㤮

     ⮤᪨ ४  ⥬ "᫥  㯫 
 ୮ ଠ樨"

              (http://deadman.interdon.net/tmp/27x.html)

       ᭮  (ࠧ  1.1)  ਢ祭 ᯥ⮢ 
室  ᫥⢥  ⢨       㯫:   
뢠,    ᫥⥫,   ᨫ ᯥ䨪 ᢮ ⥫쭮,  
  筮 㡮 ﬨ  몠  ᯥ樠  
   ୮  孨,    ॡ    ᫥
堭  ᮢ襭  㯫,      ᮢ  ࠢ
訡   室 ᫥ 孨᪮ ,   室
ଠ樨   ⢥  ⥫.  ⮬,    
⢨  室  믮   ⢨    ᯥ樠.
⨥   ᮮ⢥饣   ᯥ樠   室   ⠪      
ந⢥   ᮢ,        孨᪨  ᯥ
ᮢ襭 㯫.

  ᯥ⠬ । ᫥騥 ॡ:

     ᬮ    ந⢨  ᫥⥫  易⥫쭮   
ᯮ짮  ᮢ ᯥ樠⮢   ⠭
   㭪樮஢   ।    ஭-᫨⥫쭮    孨,
ணࠬ஢,  ⠪ ᯥ樠-ਬ (ࠧ 2.1). ०
祬 㯨  ᬮ  ந⢨,  ᫥⥫    ⭨
᫥⢥-⨢  㯯     ᮡ 騥 ࠢ
饭  ᫨⥫쭮 孨    ⥫ﬨ  ଠ樨  (ࠧ
2.1).     ⢥      ந⢥  ᫥⢥  ⢨
४ ਢ  ,    ᯥ樠묨  ﬨ  
 ୮ 孨  ଠ樨 (ࠧ 2.3).

     ࠧ 4  ४権 ᫥ ꥪ  楫 ᯥ
᫥.  ஬ ⮣, ᪠,    ਢ ᫥⢨
 ⢥ ᯥ⮢. ᪮   祭    ⮬ 
ᢥ饭  㣨 筨 ଠ樨,  ਢ ७ : 
⥬  ⢠  ७   饥 ६  ᯥ樠
ᯥ ࠧ,   ந ୮ - 孨᪨
ᯥ⨧ ⥫ 設 ଠ樨, ணࠬ ᯥ祭, 
  ⭮ ᯥ祭 .   裡  ⨬      
祭  ᯥ樠⠬  ᮮ⢥饩 䨪樨   ᯥ
०.   ⭮, ⠪ ᯥ樠    ଠ樮
業,  祡    筮-᫥⥫᪨     ᨨ.
஬ ⮣,   ந⢠ ⮣    ᯥ⨧    ਢ
ᯥ樠⮢   祡      筮-᫥⥫᪨   ,   
⭮  ⥬   ᨨ,      ࣠権,  
ࠧࠡ⪮  ணࠬ  ⭮ ᯥ祭  ஢, 
ᯫ樥  ६⮬.      ᯥ⨧      祭
ᯥ樠⠬      ᯫ樨    (⥬  ணࠬ⠬,
ࠬ  㦨,  ।⢥ ࠡ騬     
⥫ﬨ    .)   ணࠬ⠬,    ᮮ⢥饩
䨪樥.   ਢ     ᪠,    
ᯥ樠묨  ﬨ      䨪樥  
ᯥ樠,  ਢ    ⢥  ᯥ⮢.     ०,
ᯥ樠        ᯥ⠬,  쬠 ப.  
⪮  㪠,      ᯥ⠬         ᮢ
ᯥ樠.   ⮬     ਤ᪠  訡,    
ਢ祭  ⢥ ᯥ⮢,    ஢  ᫥⢨    㤠,
㤭  ⨢ .  㤭 ⨢  
ਭ樯   㯠  ⢥  ᮢ ᯥ樠⮢
  뤢⮬        273    .  ᭥  ⮬
⢥ত ਢ  ࠧ "     ᪨  "
饩 ࠡ.

    ᭮묨 訡 ᬠਢ ४権 ( ᢥ  273
 )  室 몫祭 ⠭ ஢   ᯮᮡ
䨪樨   ଠ樨.   ,   ਬ,   ॡ   "몫
,    ⢨,   稨  ॡ
몫      ".   ⢨   
᭮  㫨,  ᫨      ୠ    ࣫
 ⥫᭮ , 饣 ⮫쪮  ⨢ 
஢.    ⪠   ४権   ⠪   ᫥   ⭥
ᯮ짮    ନ    "    "       ⢨
饯ਧ  ।  ⠪      ணࠬ   (ਢ񭭮
ࠬ  ।  뢠   ४).  ஬ ⮣,  
  㦤 ⥫   ࠪ⮢  㣨  
ନ.

     ᬠਢ  ⮤᪨  ४  ᫥ 騥 
易⥫ ⥫⢠,  騥 ⠭  ᫥
  㯫.    ᤥ  業   ,  ,  ⮡
 ᭮,  室  ணࠬ, 室 ।, 
 ⥬   ।⠢ ᭮,   ᭮ 
  ⠪ ⥬.    祭   ਬ ନ
"।᭮"  ⭮襭   ணࠬ.

             4. ࠢ ଥ  祫  ࠦ

    । 砫  㦤  ᫥  ⬥,    ଥ  
 쬨 " ".   ⠪  ࠢ  ᢮,  
  㣨      ࠦ ᢮ 㤠.   ࠢ  ᢮
९ ᫥騬 㬥⠬:

    ᥮  ࠢ 

     祫   ᥬ  ࠢ    ᥬ  ᢮,
஢襭묨  饩  樥,           뫮
ࠧ: ( 2)
       ࠢ ।    ࠢ,   类 ࠧ,
 ࠢ   ( 7)
     祫,    ।    ࠢ    易⥩  
⠭ ᭮ ।    㣮  ,
 ࠢ,   ᭮  ࠢ⢠,   ,  ⮡   뫮
ᬮ७ ᭮      ᮡ    ॡ  ࠢ
ᨬ   㤮 ( 10)
     祫  ࠢ   ᢮  㡥      ᢮
ࠦ    ;       ࠢ   砥   ᢮   ९⢥
ਤন  ᢮  㡥      ᢮   ᪠,      
࠭  ଠ      묨  ।⢠  ᨬ 
㤠⢥ ࠭ ( 19)
     祫    ࠢ  樠  㭠த 冷,
 ஬ ࠢ  ᢮,    饩 樨,  
  ⢫ ( 28)
:

 ᨩ᪮ 樨

    ,  ࠢ  ᢮  襩  業. ਧ,
ᮡ     ࠢ  ᢮ 祫  ࠦ - 易
㤠⢠ ( 2)
     ࠦ  ᨩ᪮  樨      ਨ
ᥬ ࠢ  ᢮: ( 6)
     ᨩ᪮  樨  ਧ  ࠭ ࠢ  ᢮
祫    ࠦ  ᮣ᭮  饯ਧ  ਭ樯    ଠ
㭠த  ࠢ   ᮮ⢥⢨  饩 樥 (
17  1)
    ᭮ ࠢ     ᢮  祫  㦤    ਭ
  ஦ ( 17  2)
     ࠭  ᢮  ᫨    ᫮ ( 29  1)
    ਭ㦤  ࠦ ᢮    㡥 
⪠   ( 29  3)
        ࠢ   ᢮   ᪠,   ,   ।,
ந  ࠭ ଠ   ᯮᮡ (
29  4)
    ᨩ᪠ :  ন  ࠧ   ࠧ 
ᠬࠧ ( 43  5)
     ࠭   ᢮   ୮,   㤮⢥,
筮,  孨᪮  㣨  ⢮⢠, ९ (
44  1)
    㤠⢥   ࠢ    ᢮  祫    ࠦ  
ᨩ᪮ 樨 ࠭ ( 45  1)
:

    室    ᮡ         ਭ    
⥫.  ,     ਤ ᨫ , 祬
 㣮 , ਭ  .  ९  ࢮ  
15:    ᨩ᪮  樨    ਤ ᨫ,
אַ ⢨  ਬ  ᥩ ਨ  ᨩ᪮ 樨.
     ࠢ ,  ਭ  ᨩ᪮ 樨,  
 ⨢ 樨 ᨩ᪮  樨.  ⥫쭮,
   ⨢騥   樨      (ਬ,    ᨫ  
ᮢ襭⢠)        ਬ.  ஬  ⮣,      砥
ᠭ  ᨥ  㭠த  ஢,      
ਤ ᨫ ,  祬  ᠬ  .   ९ 
⮩         15:   饯ਧ   ਭ樯     
㭠த ࠢ    㭠த    ᨩ᪮  樨
  ⠢      ࠢ  ⥬.  ᫨ 㭠த
஬  ᨩ᪮   樨   ⠭      ࠢ,   祬
।ᬮ७   ,      ਬ   ࠢ  㭠த
.

      ⠪ 㭠த ஢  ࠧ    ᥮
  ࠢ ,  ਭ  ஢񭭠 १樥 217 A
(III) ࠫ쭮 ᠬ  10  1948 .  ஬  ⮣,  
 55 ( 1  2) 樨  ⢥ত:

    ᫥   樨  ᨩ᪮  樨  ᭮ ࠢ 
᢮      ⮫    栭    㬠   㣨
饯ਧ ࠢ  ᢮ 祫  ࠦ.
     ᨩ᪮ 樨    ,  ⬥騥 
㬠騥 ࠢ  ᢮ 祫  ࠦ.

    室   ᪠,  ଥ  ࠢ "९⢥
ਤন  ᢮  㡥      ᢮   ᪠,      
࠭  ଠ      묨  ।⢠  ᨬ 
㤠⢥ ࠭".    砥    ଠ  
  ୮ ᭮  ଠ,   ᮧ 
㭪樮஢  ᮢ.    ,   ᯮ짮
⮩  ଠ樨  ଥ஬   饬 ࠢ  ᢮ 㣨 
    ࠭稢      ᭮  (  ᭮
  ⭥ᥭ  ଠ樨    㤠⢥,  ᪮  
筮 [䨤樠쭠 ଠ]  ⠩),  ⥫쭮  ଥ
  ࠢ  ᭮    .    ଥ  "    
ਭ㦤"  ⪠  ᢮   㡥,   ⠪ ਭ㦤
㤥  ⨢  ᨩ᪮  ⥫.   ,  ଥ
" ࠢ  ᢮  ᪠,  ,  ।,  ந  
࠭ ଠ   ᯮᮡ"   ,  
ଠ   ࠭祭       ⢫  ⮣
ࠢ    אַ ࡠ 㣨 .     饩
ࠡ 뫮 㪠,   ᥭ ࡠ 㣨  (ᨬ  
⮣,        ⪠, ௨  祣- )
 ⨢      ࠡ  㦤    .
⮬ 㤥  쭥襬 ᬠਢ  ⢨ ⮫쪮 ⮩
 ଥ᪮ ᮮ⢠,  ᯮ饩  ଠ    
  ᮢ  ᪫⥫쭮    ᠬࠧ ("ᨩ᪠
:    ন    ࠧ          ࠧ     
ᠬࠧ"),  ᫥   ᭮  ୮
⢮⢠ ("࠭ ᢮ ୮,  ..  筮,  ... 
㣨  ⢮⢠"), ਬ, ணࠬ஢  ⢥ 审.
  ࠧ  ⢫  ࠢ  ଥ      ⢮⢮   
ᠬࠧ, ९񭭮 樥 .

                 5.    ᪨ 

    ⥫⢮    । ⨥ " ",  
  "।᭮"        ᬠਢ   
   ⭮   .         ଠ  ਧ,
    ⭥ ⥫⢮ 
    - ଠ樨;
    - ணࠬ  ;
    - 㬥 (㡫,  묨 饭ﬨ);
    - ᮢ ଠ ( 묨 饭ﬨ);
    - ଠ樮 த;
    - 娢 㬥 ( 묨 饭ﬨ);
    - ந ;
    - ।⢮  ଠ樨.

    쪮  砥 ਧ  ᮢ ணࠬ  ,
    ᮧ⥫    ⥫   ਬ  273  
",  ᯮ짮  ࠭  ।  ணࠬ  
"    ,  ⮫쪮    砥  ਧ      ᮢ
।묨 ணࠬ.   ⮬  祭 訥 ⥭ 
㫨஢ ᠬ   ࠢ୮  ਬ.  ஬ ⮣, 
஢  ਤ᪮   ࠪ⨪      楤   ࠢ   ,
㡫襣   ࠭ Internet. 騬  㦨
,    娢  㦥 ᮬ  .

                    ⠪ " "?


                          5.1.  ⢮

     䨨  "䨧     祭  ଠ⨪" [16]
(뢮  ன "  -  ⢮?" 㡫
 ⮬ ᪥ ஭ ୠ "᪨ 蠫"

                     [http://www.karimov.ru/zf/])

    ।⠢ 筮 ᭮ ।  ᮢ㯭 ᢮
 ꥪ.  ᢮⢠, ਬ, :
    - ᯮᮡ ந ᥡ   騥 ⢥
⫨ ꥪ: (+)
    - ᯮᮡ ࠢ ᠬ ਠ쭮, ࣥ᪮ 
ଠ樮   㦠饩 ।.  (++)  ,  "
ࠧ,    ஭ 祫,    ⥬ ⭮襭 
祫  塞  த,    ᢮⢮  祫  
  㣫㡫  楫ࠢ ࠢ ᠬ ਠ쭮,
ࣥ᪮  ଠ樮    㦠饩  ।    
祫  㦠饩 । (+++)".   ⢥ত,  "祫,
  ᢮⢠  (+)    (+++),    ⥭樠   
த  ⢥      ꥪ   ମ ࣠樨
".   ⮩ ࠡ  ਬ  ᮢ  ,  "
祫 㦥  饥 ६ ᯮᮡ 믮 㭪樨 ". 
ࠧ,  뤢 筮-᭮ ⥧ ⮣,  
   ⢮.

     ᮣ    ࠬ 㤭,  ⠪   ᮢ६
祫  ⭮襭  த  ࠪ᪨  祬    ⫨砥  
  ᪨  ணࠬ   ᮢ  ⭮襭  ଠ樮
।.   ⠪ ࠪ⮢ ᪨     ⮦⢫  
⨢묨   ணࠬ,   ᮧ묨   殬        
᪮ ᭮, ।⠢塞 .

          5.2. ਭ樯 ந⢠  ७  ꥪ

     ࠡ ",  ᯮ짮    ࠭  ।
ணࠬ  "

                (http://download.referat.su/15985.zip)

     ᫥饥 ।:
     " ᮬ"    ⥮ਨ  ணࠬ஢  
⠪  ᮢ㯭  設 ,   ᠬ  ᮧ ᢮
     䠩, ⥬  , ᫨⥫ 
 ..   ⮬   易⥫쭮  ᮢ  ਣ,
 ⠭ ᮢ襭   ࠭  ᯮᮡ  쭥襣
ᠬ࠭.

    뢠 讥  ᮬ  ,      "⥮ਨ  ணࠬ஢"
(computer  science  -  .,  ⮨    ⥮ਨ  ⬮,  ⥮ਨ
⮬⮢,   ⥮ਨ   㯯,  ⥮ਨ        ..)  
। ନ " ".   ⮬, 

    ,    㣠 ணࠬ,   ᮢ㯭 
 .   ⮬  , ࠭騥 ⮫쪮  
室  (室  設묨 ﬨ  ).

       ᮧ  䠩   (Norton Commander,
Volcov  Commander,  Dos  Navigator    .)    ஢   ᠬ
஥묨   ।⢠   ⠫    ᪠    㣮.
ਬ,  砩 祭 ⥫.  ᫮ ᪠, 
⮢ ࢨ  ஢  ⮫쪮  ⮬  砥,  ᫨
짮⥫   ᠬ   ࠭     ᪥  娢-ਫ    ,
ࠧ娢  娢   䠩   ᯮ (
 ⥫쭮 뢠 娢 ஫).
      䠩    ⨢  樭,  ।⢠  
ணࠬ    ᠭ樮஢  㯠,  娢  ( ᮧ
ᠬᯠ뢠 娢).
    ⢥ত  ⮬,    ᮢ  ⠭ ᮢ襭
ਣ,  뢠  訥  ᮬ.    ᥣ譨    
     ,            窨  ७
㭪樮쭮,  ⠭ 㦥 (ਬ⨢)     
१  ணࠬ 訡     ⬮. 
  ᢮  (,  ᮧ  ﬨ)    
ᯮᮡ  ࠧ.
        ।   ନ   "ᠬ࠭".   ⢨
樮 ⥬  ⠫樨   (ਬ,    
ਬ  MS DOS     .  ᯥ᪮  [8])  ⠪    
ᠬ࠭.    ⮬    ਣ 樮 ⥬  
,  ⠭  ᪥,   ⢥ ᥬ ਧ  ,
ਢ  㪠 । ୮ .

       ।    ਢ      ᢮⢠  ,
஥  ਭᨫ ।,    ᫥⢨  祣      뫮  
⭥    ࠧ "।" ணࠬ.  ஬ ⮣,   饬
設⢥ ᢮  ᯥ樠쭮 ࠧࠡ뢠 ⠪,  ⮡   
蠫 ଠ쭮 㭪樮஢  ணࠬ.  
 㤥  㦥  㤠  ⥬. ᫨   
।              믮   ᫥   ⢨
ᠭ樮஢,   㪠뢠 ନ "ᠬ࠭",  
 ⮬ 砥    ࠢ.  ਬ,  ᫨  
ᠭ樮 믮 ᮬ  ⢨  ᢮  , 
  ⮣ ᮬ   .     訢 㣨
ணࠬ,  ਬ 樮 ⥬,   짮⥫  ᠭ樨  
믮   ᠬ ⢨,   ᫥  ।?  ᫨
ᯮ짮 ନ "ᠬ࠭" 㪠뢠  ,   
    ᥡ    ।⢠    ᮧ  ᢮ 㡫,   
㦤.    ,    騥  ।     ᮧ
㡫⮢.     ⥪ ࠡ  ॢ ਢ 祭
। ணࠬ,     ࠧ । 
ਬ  ᮫⭮   ணࠬ.   ᭨,    砥
ਬ  ணࠬ    믮  㯭  ﭨ,  ணࠬ
।᭮       .  ।  㤥  ⭮  ﭨ
⭮ 祫.   ᥡ ਢ  ਬ:  ᫨    
᪮ । MS PaintBrush 짮⥫ ᮢ ਫ
⨭    ᯮ      㫨᪨  楫,    ணࠬ   MS
PaintBrush    ⮣ ।᭮  ⠭.  ᫨  ᬠਢ
 ࠭ᯮ஢ ᠬ  ᪮  (।᭮)  ,
ਬ 㤠饣 ଠ  ᪠,  ⢥ ।᭮ 㭪樨,
        ᭮    ᫥  
ᮢ      ࠧ   ।  ணࠬ.  ।    
࠭ᯮ஢    㣨  ⥫ﬨ.  ਬ,   ᫨   祫
࠭ ᪨    ਫ  ᮮ饭 ஭
,      ᠬ  ᮮ饭,    ⮢   ணࠬ      ⮣
।묨  ⠭.    ਬ:  ணࠬ ᮤঠ
 ᥡ ᪨ ࠦ,  뢮      ⢥  ⠢.
   ᠬ   ணࠬ      ⠭      ⮣   ᪨
ࠦﬨ,   ணࠬ.   ,    㣠
ணࠬ,   ᮤঠ 訡, 䫨⮢  㣨 ணࠬ
  ன⢠,    ⥬    (஡  
ࠢ    ᮢ 樮 ⥬ Windows 
  祣  ).  ⮬ ⠪  ᢮⢠  ᮢ,
묨      㣨  ணࠬ,     ﬨ
"।᭮".


                       5.3. ਭ樯 ᯥ᪮

       .  ᯥ᪮  "  "  [8]  楫 ࠧ
饭 "⪥  "ଠ쭮" ।"  ୮ .
ᯥ᪨   ਧ,      "ண   ।,      ⠪
 ,  ⠪   ,  ᬮ  ,   ⪨  
⠪  ।  ।ਭ  ⭮".  ,    
⫨⥫        㣨  ணࠬ,  
 ࠧ ᠬ  ,   ,  
ᮤঠ  㪠  ⫨⥫  ,    ᪫祭  
࠭.   業  ⠢  ࠢ,  ⠪    
,  騥  ࠭,    ⮬    騥
  ᠬ࠭.  ਬ,      ࠡ  
 ०  짮⥫:

 >   㥬 䠩: c:\temp\goat.exe
 >  "c:\temp\goat.exe" . ஢  [Y/N]? Y
 >  ᯥ譮 ஢.

     ⢨    㦥  㤭    ᠬ࠭.
     ࠢ 㤥 ,     ਬ⨢,  ஦
ଥ.   ᯥ᪨ ਧ:  "᭮  ஡ 
ᮢ  -      ᠬந쭮  ७    ࠧ
ꥪ 樮 ⥬ -    ணࠬ,    
  ᠬ".  ⠫  ,   ⮩ ᮡ  뤥
㯯 " "   饣  ᫠    ணࠬ.
  ᮮ頥,   "।⠢  㫨஢ ⮫쪮
易⥫쭮  ᫮    ⮣,  ⮡    ᫥⥫쭮
믮塞  﫠 ᮬ"  ਢ ⠪ ᫮:

     ()     
 ᮧ ᢮  㡫  (  易⥫쭮  ᮢ騥  
ਣ)      ᫨⥫  / 䠩, ⥬
   稥 믮塞  ꥪ.    ⮬  㡫
࠭ ᯮᮡ  쭥襬 ࠭.

     ࠧ,    ᢮⢮    易⥫ 
室.  ਬ,  १   墠뢠  㭪
樮  ⥬  "    䠩"      맮  ⮩  㭪樨
ࠨ  ॣ    ⠪  ࠧ,  ⮡  樮
⥬  ࠫ  ⢥ 筨     .  
㣮 ਬ,  १ 쮭-  뢠  
 COMMAND.COM  묨 ࠬࠬ,  १ 祣 㤥
ᮧ 㡫  ।⢠  .  ࠧ,
    ᥣ  㤥     ᥡ   ᮧ ᢮
㡫 (ਬ,       樮  ।),  
ᮬ  ⮣   ⠭.  ஬ ⮣,  ᮧ
᢮ 㡫,   뫮 ࠢ쭮 祭 ᯥ᪨,   㣨
ணࠬ,  ᠬ  騥.  ਬ,  樮 ⥬ MS
DOS.  ⭮ ⢥ত " 易⥫쭮 ᮢ騥   ਣ".
᪮쪮  ᮢ騥?  ᮢ騥      ?      ⮬,  
  (ACG,  VCG),  ᮧ 㡫, ᮢ騥
  ਣ    ,    ,   騥 ᢮
㭪樮쭮     .  ਬ஬  ᮢ,    ᢮
㭪樮쭮  ( 㭪樮쭮 ࠧ㬥   
"㬥",    ⥭樠쭮  ॠ)  
㯮     RMNS  (  १  ᮥ  ""  砥
ᮢ襭  )  ,  ᯮ騥   (Plug  In  -
.),  ⫨ ᪫뢠 ஬   WEB-࠭  
஭ ७.  ஬ ⮣,  ,     ।񭭮
⠯,      ஢  ꥪ ⠪ ᢮ 㡫⠬,
     ᯮᮡ  쭥襬  ࠧ, 
  ந ⮫쪮    㤨㠫 䥪
 ᯮ  ஬ ᪨ . 㤥   ⠪
  ᮬ?  ஬ ⮣,  ⭠ ᭮ (।)  ᯮᮡ
ணࠬ ᮧ ᢮ 㡫. ਬ ஦ ᮢ:

     ।⠢ ᮡ ᯮ塞 䠩    ᪥.    ᪥
,    ᮧ ⢥ ᢮ 㡫  १뢠  
䠩,   ண  ⮢,   , १뢠 ᠬ ᥡ. 
᢮⢮  ᮡ⢥  १  ᯮ짮 ࠭ ᮧ  
COM-ணࠬ ⨢, ᠭ  몥 ᥬ (ਬ, 
襭  楫⭮  COM-䠩  ⨢   १ ⢨
  ᡮ  ᪥,  ⨢  ⠭  䠩 
᢮   )   ⮬ ᠬ  訥.
     ᮧ ᢮ 㡫 ᥣ  ⢥  䠩    ᪥,
騩  ᥣ      (ਬ,  뢠 ᢮ 㡫 
䠩  VIRUS.TXT).    ⮣,  ⠪  㡫      
쭥襣  ࠭,  ⠪    䠩    ७  .TXT 
  ᯮ塞묨.    ⮣,  ⮡  㡫      ਮ
ᯮᮡ  ࠧ,  짮⥫  ᠬ⥫쭮 
७ 䠩  ᮮ⢥饥 ଠ 䠩, ᮤঠ饣 ਣ
.  ७    ᢮ 㡫⮢  ⥬  
ࠪ୮   ணࠬ,    ᠬ. ਬ஬ ⮬ 
㦨  १  ⨢᭮ ணࠬ.  ⥭ । 
⮩ ᯮᮡ ணࠬ,  짠 祢.

     쭥襬 ᯥ᪨ 筮 ᮣ蠥    ⥫쭮
  ।:  "᫥  ⬥,    ᫮  
"  ਢ ਬ  樮 ।  MS  DOS,  
㤮⢮  ᢮,  ᮬ  .

     ᫥  ᪠      砭.   ਯ뢠
ணࠬ,    頬 ਠ쭮 , - 㭪樨.  
ணࠬ    ᠬ   ᥡ,  ᨬ  楫  ਬ
祫.   뢠  饩   饩 (뢠 襥
  宥  ਬ  ⨬ 頬),  ⠪  뢠   
(।) ணࠬ.  뢠 㯭 楫,  ७    ﭨ.
㯭  ﭨ      ᮢ襭   襩 ()
  㤥  㯫.      ⠪,    襥
ﭨ 㤥 ᮢ襭   "宩"    ⮬ 㯫
   㤥.  뫮    ࠢ      
㯭묨  ⮫쪮  ⮬,       ᮢ襭 
  饩 㯫.  ⮪      襩,  
।᭮ ,    ⮪,  ᨬ  ⮣,  
,  ᪠뢠 ,  ࠧ  ᥤ  稭 寧
⥫  ०  ᮯ୨.    ᭮  ⮣,   -
ᯮ짮 ⮪  ᮢ襭 㯪   㯫,  
⭮  ⪨    ।  頬      ந⢮,
ਬ      ࠭   (ਬ,   ஧   த).
뢠 㦭       ᮧ訥,     ਬ訥
 㯭 楫.  뫮  ࠢ.

     祢,         ।      
ਭ樯:  ",       窨 ७  㣨  -
।".   ᮫⭮ ⨬ ਭ樯  ⭥ᥭ 
ணࠬ     ࠧ  ।.  ᫨  ⭮  祫,  
饬  묨  ﬨ,   ⥭      -
୮   㤮⢥ ந,     
  稭 業  ந   ᯮ 
।.  ਢ ਬ:    砥 ।  客 મ 
 ⭮ ⨭  ?

     १ 祭 ᯮ 㦤 ᯥ᪨ 室   ⠪
뢮:  筮 ।    ,       
ਬ  饬.    筮  ।  ,      ஬
"訥" 䠩  ⫨  "ᮢ".
         ⭮  䠩  쭮  ᫮  ।,
  ᮬ  .

    ᪮ ᯥ᪨   ⠥   ⭥        ।
ணࠬ,  ࠧ 䠩  "訥"  "",   ⭮襭 
ᮧ, ࠭  ᯮ ,  ਬ
 273  .       뢮    뢠,  
  ⨢稥    ਭ樯  ਬ 㣮 ,
㪠    ࠧ  3.1  饩  ࠡ.     ᠬ      ࠧ
⢥ত  ࠢ쭮  ᭮  楫    ࠡ - 
⨬ ਬ    273        ⭮襭    栬
ᮧ騬, 㡫騬  ᯮ騬  ணࠬ, 
  ⨬    栬   (   ⨢묨   ﬨ)   
"  ".  ⨩ 뢮  ᥭ  窨 ७
㣮 ⥫⢠.     ଥ   ⨬
ਬ    273      -  ⢨  稬  ਥ
। । ணࠬ.

      ᯥ᪨ 뢠    ਬ  ணࠬ  KOH  
ALREADY.COM  ᢮  ਭ樯  ⭥ᥭ  ⮩   ணࠬ  ࠧ
 ᮢ.   ⮣,    ਭ樯   ᮫⭮
ꥪ⨢ (᮫⭮  ।᭠ ணࠬ KOH ⭥ᥭ  ࠧ
। ணࠬ),  :

    "᫨ ,  筮, ஬ KOH    맢 ணࠬ,
 ᪠,  ⥪,   Sierra,   ᠬ Microsoft,    
 ᬥ   ᮬ"

    ⥫      ப,      ᮮ⢥⢨  
᫥騬     㡫筮 ਧ ᠬ  㣮
㥬 㯫   136     2:

    ᥮  ࠢ 祫,   7: "  ࠢ ।
   ࠢ,   类 ࠧ,  ࠢ  ".
 ,   19  1:  " ࠢ ।   㤮".
  ,   4:  ", ᮢ訢訥 㯫, ࠢ
।    㣮 ⢥⢥ ᨬ   ,
,    樮쭮,   몠,   ந宦,   ⢥   
⭮  ,    ⥫⢠,   ⭮襭      ५,
㡥,  ਭ  ⢥ ꥤ,   ⠪ 㣨
⥫".

       .  ᫨ ,        ।᭮
ணࠬ,   ணࠬ KOH  뫮  㤨   273
 .  ।⠢ ᥡ,   뫮 ,  ᫨        ᮧ
ணࠬ  KOH        ⢮,    ஬     
맢 ணࠬ,     ॠ  ᨩ᪨  ணࠬ.
    㣮 㯫!  ᫨  㤥 ਥ஢
   ⭥ᥭ   ணࠬ      ࠧ   "।"      
ᮮ⢥ ᥩ  ⨢  ⠪ ⨢ᮢ,  KAV

                  (http://www.avp.ru/products.html),

       㤥    ᢮    ᮧ  ᯮ짮
᮫⭮  ணࠬ,      稭 (   )
 ࠢ ࠧࠡ稪.   ਬ ,  ᫥⢨
   (ᮡ⢥,    )  ⨬  ਥ஢  
       ⨢ ணࠬ  ⨬ ਢ
㤭 ⨢    ⢥  ᯥ⮢    㣮
,   㯫.

    ஬    ꥪ⨢      ࠧࠡ稪  ⨢
ணࠬ    "।᭮",          ᮡ   -
  ⪫祭 ⤥ ⠡  ᭮   ᬮ७
짮⥫ (ਬ,  ⪫祭 eicar.avc  malware.avc    
  ⨢᭮  ணࠬ  KAV).  筮  ⠪   ᮧ
㠫쭮 ⠡ (⭮  ᪮ ᭮)  ﬨ 
 ணࠬ,    짮⥫  ⥬   稭
    ᢮   (ਬ      
    ।   ).   ந  ࠧ
ન    ⨬  ᯮ짮     ⢥   
"।᭮"   ⭮   ணࠬ   稥          
⨢᭮  .

      १ ,   ࠧ    ।,
  bootstrap  loader  ணࠬ  KOH ᮢ ࠪ᪨  100%  
ᮬ Havoc?  ,   Havoc ᮢ ࠪ᪨  100
%    bootstrap  loader  ணࠬ  KOH?  ᫨  짮  ਭ樯
ᯥ᪮,    ணࠬ     273 
 ⮫쪮  ,   - ᯮ짮   ணࠬ  ᮧ
.

    ਬ  ணࠬ KOH   ᪫祭.   㣮 ਬ
᮫⭮    ணࠬ    몥  ᥬ.  ணࠬ GOAT
  ।  ﭨ    ᮢ蠥.     ஢   稥
ࠬ  "R"     ப  蠥 ᢮ ࠡ.   砥,
᫨ 짮⥫ ⨫ ணࠬ GOAT  ࠬ஬ "R",  
᢮  ࠧ        䠩  ᪥,   ண ⮢ 
⠪ ࠧ ⠭ ᮡ⢥   . ⢨ ணࠬ
    ᠭ樮஢    (ᠭ樥      ࠬ   "R",
ᠭ樮 짮⥫)    ⭮襭   ᠬ࠭
(      室  ନ  "ᠬ⠭").  ,  
ਭ樯 ᯥ᪮,    ணࠬ    ""  ᮬ  
 SillyOC.2000.

  PSP_envirn_seg equ 2Ch
  PSP_cmd_tail+1 equ 82h

  org 100h

start  proc near
  mov al, PSP_cmd_tail+1  ; (DS:0082=0)
  cmp al, 52h    ; 'R'
  jnz locret_0_13E   ; Jump if not equal
  mov ax, ds:PSP_envirn_seg  ; (DS:002C=0)
  mov ds, ax
  xor bx, bx    ; Zero register

loc_0_10E:      ; xref DS:0115, 011C
  mov al, [bx]
  or al, 0
  jz loc_0_117   ; Jump if zero
  inc bx
  jmp short loc_0_10E

loc_0_117:     ; xref DS:0112
  inc bx
  mov al, [bx]
  or al, al    ; Zero ?
  jnz loc_0_10E   ; Jump if not zero
  add bx, 3
  mov ah, 3Ch    ; DOS Services, ah=function 3Ch
  mov cx, 0
  mov dx, bx
  int 21h  ; DOS - 2+ - CREATE A FILE WITH HANDLE (CREAT)
     ; CX = attributes for file
     ; DS:DX  -> ASCIZ filename
     ;(may include drive and path)

  jb locret_0_13E   ; Jump if carry Set
  mov bh, 40h    ; DOS Services  ah=function 40h
  xchg ax, bx
  push cs
  pop ds
  mov cx, 7D0h
  nop
  cwd
  inc dh
  int 21h  ; DOS - 2+ - WRITE FILE WITH HANDLE (WRITE)
     ; BX = file handle
     ; CX = count bytes from ds:dx buffer
     ; DS:DX  buffer

  mov ah, 3Ch    ; DOS Services  ah=function 3Ch
  int 21h  ; DOS - 2+ - CREATE A FILE WITH HANDLE (TRUNC)
     ; CX = attributes for file
     ; DS:DX  -> ASCIZ filename
     ;(may include drive and path)

locret_0_13E:     ; xref DS:0105, 012A
  retn
start  endp

  db 1937 dup (90h)   ; NOP

seg000  ends

  end start

    ᪮    ᬠਢ   ਢ         ⭮
᮫ ਬ ਬ⥫쭮  㣮 ,    뢮
뢠,   ,  ᯮ묨    ਬ  ⢥
ᯥ⭮ 業  ᫥⢥  㤥 ࠪ⨪   ᨫ  ਭ樯
ਬ ,    । IN DUBIO PRO REO.

    "⪠    "ଠ쭮"   ।"   ⭮      
᮫   稢    ᫥騬    ᫮:    "ᥬ    ⥬
"ଠ쭮" । ୮  ⠥ ⮩".

     ⮩      ਢ  "᭥   宧頻" ନ
" "   ⭮  ᮫  ..  ᪮.
  ⮣,      ।  ਬ  㣮  
ᨫ  ᯫ譮  ,      ࠢ୮  ᠬ    
 ⥬  让 ᨨ, 室饩  ࠬ  ࠡ.

              5.4. ਭ樯 ᠭ樮஢ ⢨

    ਢ       ਬ   ⪨     ।  ନ
"  "    ࠭   쭮   ।⠢⥫⢠
ਨ ᯥ᪮  -ࣥ  

             (http://www.comprice.ru/virus/main34.phtml).

           ᫥騥   ।:   ணࠬ-;
᪨ ணࠬ;  ᪨ ணࠬ-;   
⠭ COM-EXETSR-.

    ଠ쭮   ᮬ  뢠  ணࠬ,  ࠦ
㣨   ணࠬ   ⥬   祭           ᢮,    
஢,   ,   ᯮᮡ      쭥襬   ࠧ.
ࠦ ᮬ ணࠬ   ᬠਢ    ⮬᪨
ᮧ ᪠ ணࠬ.   ⮬,  㫥  ⥫
,     ᠭ樮஢  ⢨  -  ࠦ  㣨
ணࠬ.   ஬  ࠦ,  ,        㣠  ᪠
ணࠬ,   믮  㣨 ᠭ樮஢ ⢨ -  
  ,    ࠩ  ࠧ⥫,    㭨⮦
  ࠦ ᪥.   ⮬ 砥    ᬠਢ
 ᪠ .

       ⨬ । ⠪ .   
⮬,    ,  騥 㥬 ணࠬ  
  .  ஬  ⮣,     ஢  㣨 ꥪ,
ਬ,  㪮 䠩, ᪨ 䠩, ⮣᪨  
..,   ꥪ,  ணࠬ  .  
  ⢮  訡   ணࠬ  (,
,   ...)    ࠡ    ⨬  䠩.  ਬ஬  ,  
饣  㥬 ணࠬ  ,   쮭
-  .  ஬  ⮣,  ⠪           
㥬 ணࠬ.  ਬ,  COM- ந   ᪥
EXE-䠩   (BAT-䠩)      뢠  冷        
㥬 䠩,   ७ COM.   ,   맮
஢  䠩 १  ப  ७ (⮫쪮 
),  樮 ⥬  맮  ணࠬ    ७  COM,
  믮 ᢮ ⢨,    ⥬ ᠬ 맮  ᯮ
EXE-ணࠬ    (BAT-䠩).     ஢     ணࠬ     
ᬠਢ ⮫쪮  "쭠 ᮬ" ணࠬ   . 
砥 ஢  ஦ ମ   - १뢠騬
ᮬ   (Overwrite  -      祣-,  .),  ணࠬ
㭨⮦.  쪮  砥 ⠪ த ᮢ,    ⭥ 
᪨   ணࠬ  ⥫    ભ,    ,    
᮫⭮    㣠  ணࠬ,    믮     
⢨,        ᠭ樮஢,    ⠪      ᠭ樮஢
짮⥫.    ᠭ樮஢     ᠭ樮஢  
⢨   樮  ⥬  MS  Windows  ?    ࠧ  
ᠭ樮஢  ⢨  楯窨 ⢨,  믮塞 
ணࠬ,  ᫨ 짮⥫    ।⠢  ⮬, 
⢨  믮  ணࠬ,  ᪮쪮  ᭮     ⢨
(⨬)    ᪮쪮     ଠ樨,  ࠭ 
?     ᫨  ⢨, 믮塞
樮  ⥬    ஬⮪ ६?  ਬ.
 ࠡ  ணࠬ MS Word ந室 訡. 樮 ⥬
MS  Windows  㦠  ਫ  MS  Word        ⮬ 
࠭  ᮧ    ।஢  짮⥫   㬥.
짮⥫          ଠ    (ଠ    㭨⮦).
樮஢  짮⥫ ⢨ MS Windows?  ॥ ᥣ  .
  ⢨ 樮 ⥬  १  ⢨  筮
ᮢ    ⥬  ᠭ,  ஥  ਢ      ᬠਢ
㡫樨    ᪨  ணࠬ.       ⠪ 砥
樮 ⥬ Windows "᪮ "?

      㣨 ⪨  ।  ନ "
".  ਬ, 祭  ଠ樨   ⥬   
᭮ 横

(http://www.viruslist.com/default.asp).

     ᫥  뢠,        ᬠਢ   砩
।  ୮    㤥  ࠦ ⮫쪮 ꥪ⨢
 ஢,   ᥣ  ᯮ.


             5.5. ਭ樯   ᪨ ணࠬ

         ⠪ " "?   饩 ࠡ 
    ᥡ  ᬥ      -  ।  ⮣
ନ.   ⭮   ,       த⥫  ᮢ६
  ᮢ    ⮢    몠  ᥬ
MOVSB.      믮  ⢥ 㭪 - 뫠 
ଠ樨   ⪠ ୮   㣮.  ।
  祭  ॣ     ७ ᠬ
ᥡ  ⠪  ,  ஥ ᭮ 㤥 믮  ஬.
쭥訥    ࠧ⨥    ⮣    䥪    ਢ        
ᠬ࠭   ணࠬ   堭   ().       ⠫
ᠬ⥫쭮   ⠢   ⠪   樨,       
࠭஢ 뫨  ᪮஢     ࠭஢  뫠  
ᯮ.    ᠬ஢ ᫥  ६ 㬥
ﭨ 짮⥫   ᮧ 㡫  .    
ᠬ      ।⠢⥫    ᮢ  -  ࢨ.  
    ᮧ  饭     2- 
1988    ᯨ࠭⮬ ୥᪮ 㭨    
 [17].    쭥襬    ⠫  ᢠ  㣨  ꥪ  
ᠬ࠭    (㧮   ᥪ,   ணࠬ,   ࠩ,
㬥  ப  .)    ⮬,  ⮡   
 ⠢  ஢  ⥬.  ⮣  
 䫨⮢  ணࠬ ᯥ祭   ன⢠ ;
뢠  ᢮  ⢨,  ਬ,     樨 㭪ﬨ
樮 ⥬;   ᮡ⢥ ⥫     ᢮  
,  騥  ᫥    ⫠ ।.
䨪樨  ᮢ ᭮뢠   ࠧ ᢮⢠
ᮢ.   ࠧ ᮢ  ᨬ  । ⠭
(䠩 ,  ⮢ ࢨ,  娢 ࢨ, 㧮 ,
१ , ஢  .).  ࠧ ᮢ 
ᨬ    ⥯  ਧ  (஢,  ,
     .).    ᢠ  ᠬ    ।  ⠭,
          ᮢ   (Win32-,   Linux-,
Script-ࢨ  .),  ⮬ ᫥  "ଥ" .  
ꥤ ⮫쪮  - ६   ᠬ஢.    ⠫
㭪樨   (䨧,   ,   㠫  䥪,  㪮
䥪,  稥 ᪨    ,  ⥪⮢  ᮮ饭  
,  ॠ樨   ᮡ ⠩  .)  ⥯묨  
ࠪਧ   ⢥  .  ⥯묨  㭪ﬨ  
   ᮫⭮  ணࠬ.  ਬ,    蠥
ᮧ ᪨ ।,        ᯮ  ⠭
,    17:00  ந뢠   ,    ࠡ  
⨢    﫠      ᪠       (뫠   
䭮).     ࠧ,        筮
। ணࠬ,  㦠饩 訬 ⨬㫮  ᢮    
祭  ⮭⥩ ࠡ 樮 ⥬  ன ,
  ⠪         ⥫⮬      ࠧࠡ稪
⨢ ணࠬ (᢮ த 嬠⭠ ).   ᤥ
 ᮤঠ  ᥡ १  祭    ࠬ  ணࠬ
ᯥ祭    ன  ,  ॠ   ,
楯樨 ᢮  ꥪ⮢    ⠭,  ᯮᮡ  ⨬樨
      㣮,  ।⠢饥  ᮡ  ணࠬ᪮
᫨  業  ୮ ந   饭  .
⮬ ⠪   ⠭ ।⮬ 樮஢ (
஭ 㬨  䨫⥫)  .    ࠧ 
ન,     ᮧ  ࠭  ᮢ
   ᮡ  ᭮.  吝  ।  묨  ᠬ,
⭮,   맢   ⮫쪮   ⢮      짮⥫  
⢨ ࠧ᭨⥫쭮 ࠡ  ஭ ଥ஢ (⭮ -
      㦤묨      273  ).  ஬ ⮣,  
᫥  ஫  ࠥ  ᯥ   ନ   "   "
।⢠  ᮢ  ଠ樨    ⨢묨 ﬨ.   
ਢ   襬  짮⥫   ஧ ୮
᭮  (祫  ᥣ  ⠭  ᠬ  ᫠   
⥬ ,   ࠬ 祫  ᨫ     ᢥ  
㫥 १),   ⠪ ᭮  ணࠬ⮢,
ॠ ᢮ ࠢ   ⢮⢮,  ࠧ,  ᮧ  娢
(権)  .

    ⤥ ᮬ  ᫥  ᬮ   ᪨ 
.     ⭮      ।  (  
᢮⢮    ᢮  㡫).   饩 ࠡ  
㤨,    த砫쭨  ᮢ६  ᪨  
뫨     訡    樮  ⥬  MS  DOS    ࢨ
ணࠬ,  믮騥    ⢨    ଠ஢   ᪮
(  ᪨  ணࠬ    ᮭ  ஢
訡   樮   ⥬      ࠡ   ணࠬ   FORMAT.COM),
ᠭ樮஢    ஢   ன      (⨥
᪮          ᠭ樮஢    ஢
ଠ樨)  .,  ⠪ ᫮ "᪨ ", ࠨ
⮯묨 ணࠬ⠬    ᢮  ணࠬ.  ,  ⠪
 ⠫ ᠬ ᮤঠ  室 㭪樨  㭨⮦
ଠ樨,  ஢ ன ,  ஢ ଠ樨 
.,   ⠪ ⠫    ,  楫 ணࠬ,
।祭 ᪫⥫쭮   ᮢ襭  㯫.    
設⢥  ᢮        ணࠬ  ।⠢ ᮡ
祣 筮.   믮  ᢮  ࠧ⥫  㭪権  
ᯮ    ।⢠  樮  ।,  㣨  ணࠬ 
몮 ணࠬ஢,   ( ।⢠)    
ணࠬ.    砥 뫮  ࠢ쭮  ணࠬ⮢
⮫쪮  ᯮ짮   ।  (  ।⢠  ᯮ
⠪    ࠧࠡ⪨   ணࠬ),   ᫥  
ᯮ짮  ।  ᥭ ।.

       ⮩  ணࠬ   室  ࠧ  ணࠬ,
믮騥  ࠧ  㭪樨:  "",  "ᯮ"   "।".
㭪樨,  믮塞 ⭮ ணࠬ,    ⭥ᥭ  
      ⥣਩   ᨬ  樨.  ,  ਬ,
"" ⢨,    "।묨".   ࠪ᪨ 
  ணࠬ  뤥  (᭮) 㭪 (  
  ⭮ ணࠬ).  ਬ,   㭪 樮
⥬    -    ᯥ    믮   ஬      
짮⥫᪨  ணࠬ  権,      㭪      -
ᠬࠧ,  㭪 ᪮ ணࠬ - ᥭ ।,
 㭪 ⥪⮢ । - ।஢ ⥪⮢ 䠩,
  㭪  몠쭮  ணࠬ  - ந 몠
権.        ࠢ  뤥   ᭮
㭪    ᬠਢ  ணࠬ  ⮣,  ⮡  뫮
ࠢ쭮 ⭥   ⮬      ணࠬ.  孮  
ਨ 뤥  㭪樨 ணࠬ  ⤥ 訬
ᮬ, 室騬  ࠬ 饩 ࠡ.   ᫥ 
⨥  "  㭪"  ⨥ "ᯮ짮 ணࠬ".  ,
ਬ,   ணࠬ  祭 (twinware - .),
  㭪     ਬ   ,  ⠪  
। ୮ ᮮ.  ન ਬ஬ ⠪ ணࠬ  
᪠  ⮢  ᪠ ⥢ 梨⥩.

                      5.6. ୠ ணࠬ

     ⭮襭      ᠬ,    ணࠬ  
 ਬ ᫥騥 :

    ᪮ ࠢ ࠭   ணࠬ     
,   饭,  ⠪   饭  ᢥ,  ।⠢ 
ꥪ⨢ ଥ,  ᨬ   ਠ쭮 ⥫, 祭
 ⮨⢠.

     ணࠬ         ࠢ⥫
ਭ  ᪫⥫쭮  ࠢ  ⢫     ()   ࠧ
⢫ ᫥ ⢨:
    -   ᢥ ணࠬ     ;
    - ந  ணࠬ         ( 
筮)   ଥ, 묨 ᯮᮡ;
    - ࠭ ணࠬ     ;
    - 䨪 ணࠬ         ,    ⮬  ᫥
ॢ ணࠬ        몠  㣮;
    -  ᯮ짮 ணࠬ     .
    ꥪ⠬ ᪮   ࠢ  :    ந
( ணࠬ  ).
    ࠭ ணࠬ     ࠭    ணࠬ 
 (  ⮬ ᫥  樮 ⥬,     ࠦ
  몥    ଥ,  室 ⥪  ꥪ .
       ⭮襭    ந  ਭ  ᪫⥫
ࠢ  ᯮ짮 ந   ଥ   ᯮᮡ.

     ⭮襭    㡫   ஭ ७樨 
 WEB-࠭  ਬ ᫥饥 ⥫⢮:

    ९⢮ ⢫塞              ᭮
࠭  த樨  ᮢ  ଠ樨    ஭  ࠦ,
ꥤ  ࠦ,      ,   ।⨩,   ०,
࣠権, 㤠⢥ ࣠  ᪠.
    ஫ ⢫  㭠த  ଠ樮  
䥤ࠫ ࣠ ᯮ⥫쭮   ࣠ ᯮ⥫쭮 
ꥪ⮢  ᨩ᪮   樨      ।   ᢮   ⥭樨,
।塞 ⥫⢮ ᨩ᪮ 樨.
    ந⥫ 㬥⮢ 易 ⠢ 易⥫ ᯫ
 ⥫ 㬥⮢ ᯫ⭮.

             6. ᭥  ᨩ᪮ ⥫ 
                      㯫

     㫨஢  273    ⠭ ,  ਭ樯
।  楫  ᠭ ணࠬ ("ᯥ樠쭮 ࠧࠡ⠭"),  
  ᮢ㯭  ਥ    ⭥ᥭ  ணࠬ      ࠧ
।. 祢  ࠧ  ﬨ "㬥 ᮧ
"  " ᮧ   ᮢ襭 㯭 ﭨ".
᫨  祫    ᪠뢠  楫,  ᮮ頥  楫 
  (  ᪠뢠  ⮬  ᮢ    
ᮢ  㯫)        ࠧ  ᠭ
ᮢ,    楫   ᮤঠ ⠢ 㯫.  
ᥡ  :      ५   ⮫  
㯫,    ५  ⮫  ᮢ襭
㡨⢠ - ᮤন ⠢ 㯫.

     ⭮   15  1 樨 :
       ࠢ , ਭ  ᨩ᪮ 樨, 
  ⨢ 樨 ᨩ᪮ 樨.  ⥫쭮,
 ਬ      ᮧ騬      
ᯮ騬   ࠧ⥫,      楫 (᫨
 㤥  ⭮)   ⮬ 砥,  ᫨    㤥
   "।᭮"  ணࠬ.    ,        ⠪
᪫祭   ᯮ짮 㪠뢠     ,    ᮧ
⨢   ணࠬ     ᯮ짮    ᮢ  
।⠢  .    ᠥ  㡫  ୮
 ⥢묨 ᯮᮡ,  ﭨ  273     ﭨ 
࠭    ᠬ     ﭨ      ࠢ   祫,
ᯥ祭 㭠த묨 ࠬ  樥 .   砥
"࠭"  ᮢ     ᪫祭,  
।  짮⥫ﬨ  ᮢ    ⨢   ⠭
㯫.  ஬  ⮣,   ⠭      ⨢
    ᮢ  ஢ ⠡   ᠬ
  ⨢묨  ﬨ  (䠪᪨  -  ࠭).   
ᮦ,  ᮡ  ᫮  (᪫祭)     ७.
᫨ ⠪ ᮡ ᫮  ।ᬮ७   饬,    뫮  
ࠢ  ᤥ  ᪫祭ﬨ ⮫쪮  ⨢ .
     ࠭稢      ଠ樨    
ᠬ,  ⠪   ⠪ ࠭祭 ᫮  । ᭮ ᠬ
짮⥫   (᭮   稭   ஢      ᮢ    -
ࠬ⭮   짮⥫).  ஬  ⮣,  ࠧࠡ⪠  ⨢
ணࠬ,     㣨 ணࠬ (ਬ, 樮 ⥬),
    ᪫⥫ ࠢ   (⠪   
).  ᪮ ⨢᭠ ணࠬ   ।᭮ ( 窨
७  ⥫⢠),      祫    ࠢ ᮧ,
ᯮ짮    ࠭  ⨢  ணࠬ,  ⫨  
।    뭪 묨 ଠ (ਬ,  DrWeb  KAV).
,   뫮 ᪠ ,  ࠧࠡ⪠ ⨢  ணࠬ  
ᯮ짮  ᮢ  ।⠢ .

    樠 ࠧ᭥     272,  273  274   
ࠡ "㯫   ୮ ଠ樨"

                (http://download.referat.su/15856.zip):

      稥 裡  ᠭ樮஢  㯮 
㯫   ।ᬮ७  쥩  272  "ࠢ    
୮ ଠ樨"   ᫥⢨,  ⮬ ⮥  ६
ᮢ    ᡮ    ୮ ⥬,  ஥  
맢  ࠢﬨ    ணࠬ묨  訡     ࠢ୮
㯠   㣮 ⢥⢥.
     ᮧ । ணࠬ  ᫥   273  ",
ᯮ짮    ࠭  ।  ணࠬ  "  
 ணࠬ ᯥ樠쭮 ࠧࠡ⠭  襭 ଠ쭮
㭪樮஢           ணࠬ.          ଠ
㭪樮஢    믮  権,      
ணࠬ ।祭, ।  㬥樨  ணࠬ.
     뢠,      拉  砥  ᯮ짮   
ணࠬ  㤥  㣮 㥬.
    ਬ  274 "襭 ࠢ ᯫ樨  ,  ⥬
        "          Internet,    ⢨
࠭ ⮫쪮    ࣠権.
     ࠭塞     ଠ樥    ଠ,  
ன  ᯥ樠  ⠭ ᯥ樠 ०   ࠢ
.
    ୠ ணࠬ ⫨砥  饩   ਠ  ⨢
 ࠧ ⥬,    ᢮ ஢,   
ࠬ ᢮ ᢮  ⮬.
     짮⥫  ࠢ ᯮ짮 ⮫쪮  ணࠬ
த,    稫  ᭮   ਮ५  ⥬
㯪,   ७   ப  ..
     ஬,    騬  筨  ⠭,    ⠪
設 ⥫ ଠ樨  ,   ᬠਢ  
 ୮ ଠ樨    ᮮ⢥      
⢥⢥     㯫 ⨢ ᮡ⢥. 筮
⠪   ࠧ ꥪ⨢ ஭  㯫 㭨⮦
  ᪠  ୮  ଠ樨  ⥬ 譥 ⢨ 
設  ⥫  ⥯,    祭,  㤠ࠬ     묨
묨 ᯮᮡ.  ⮨ 㯮  ⮬,  ࠢ 饭
 ୮ ଠ樥    ⠭  ᮡ⢥  
楬 ଠ樨,



                  7.    ਬ  ਬ
    㣮 ⥫⢠   ୮ 

      "  堪,  砫 ᥪ "

        (http://topadm.rbc.ru/index.shtml?/news/incidents/2002/
                       01/12/12113811_bod.shtml)

     㯮:  "      砥  ᯮ
ᮡ⨥  筮  ,      ᪮    
ঠ  ⨫⭨  堪,  訩  ᠩ ⭮ 㧫 裡.
  祫       ⢫         
㭠த   ୥.   १ ⮣  ⥬
 ᥭ  ". ⠥ ,  १ 祣
 ᥭ  ?   १ ⮣,   祫 
    ?   १ ⮣,         
?   १ ⮣,    ?  १ ⮣,
     ୥?   १ ⮣,     ୥
  㭠த?          ⥫  
⢨⥫쭮  稭     ࠦ   ᠩ   ⮣   㧫   裡
  ᮬ.  ⢨⥫  㯫  祫:
 ᠩ,  ࠢ     ଠ樨.    
ﭨ    ᠬ       ⭮襭.   ࠦ ᮬ
  㧫  裡      ⭮襭    ⢥⢥
⥬  ,  ⠢襣  ᠩ   । 殬
୮ ஧ (⢫  ᠩ   ⢫  ࠦ
ᮬ).

       "  ᨨ  㦤 ᮧ⥫   ᮢ
"

     (http://info.indi.ru/news/?papers_id=20030226152805&print=1)

    ਢ   㬭 :  "⢨ ⠭, 
ணࠬ,  ᮧ 頻,      
 窥,   ࠭  ᪠쭮   ஫쭮-ᮢ
設,   ,  ⢮ 㯮:  (㤭  - ਬ.
) 㯨  頻   300 ஢  ᫥  ⮣, 
  த஢  ணࠬ   ࠡ,   ঠ".  ᠭ
㭪樨 ணࠬ ᪮॥  ⭮      ᪮  ணࠬ,  祬  
,  ⠪    祣    ᪠     ⮩ ணࠬ 
ᠬ࠭.    ⮣,  ⭮,  祬   뫮   㯠
㤭    楫  .  㦥    ।⠢ ᮡ
ᠬ騩  ?    ७,    
  ᮫⭮   .

      "㦤 ᮧ⥫ ᮢ"

(http://www.sibdigest.ru/index.php?a=view&j=10&i=6&z=1060056324&id=1515)

    ਢ   㣮  .    ⥫  㦤 
  ஢     ࠭   ࠢ筮   ਤ᪮
ணࠬ "⠭-".  ஬ 㣮 ⥫  ࠭ 
஢   䠩,  ᮤঠ騥  ଠ    ஫    
짮⥫  (⭮   뫨   ஫ 짮⥫ ணࠬ
"⠭-" -  ਬ.  ).    ⭮襭    
஢      ࠭  ணࠬ  "⠭-"  
 ?  ࠧ 稥  ⭮ 祫 
짮⥫   ஫  ணࠬ "⠭-" ᢨ⥫ 
⮬,        ᮧ⥫  ?          
ணࠬ  ।  (     ᪨ ணࠬ - 墠稪
)  뫨  祭    ॣ஢  짮⥫   
஫?      ⭮襭  ?    
ᯮ짮      ⥫    ᪮  ணࠬ   
 祭   ॣ஢ 짮⥫.

  

       (http://www.webplanet.ru/news/lenta/2002/8/26/1459.html)

ਢ ᫥騩 ਬ:

     ᪮  ࠩ  ᪠  뭥  ⥫  ਣ 
 ⥫  ࠭    ୥    ᮢ
⨯  "᪨  ",  ᮮ頥  䠪.     ,  
९⠭  ""  "᪠ ணࠬ".

    뢮   ਢ  ਬ஢      ᤥ  ⮫쪮  :
ࠬ⭮    ⥭⭮  ஦ ⨢ ⭮襭
 ᥬ,    ⭮.   ᠬ 㦠᭮  ⮬,    碥 ⮩
ࠬ⭮   ஢ ᯥ樨  ஭ ⢨⥫쭮
⥭  ,   묨      ।⠢⥫   ⨢
.

    "    㤨  㣮         
 ࠭ ୮ "

            (http://www.fsb.ru/smi/ufsb/2000/000428-2.html)

    ⢨⥫쭮 ࠢ :  " ଠ樨 ᯥ㦡, .
쪨,  ࠡ    ⤥ ଠ樮 ⥬    ஢,
ᮧ । ணࠬ,   ਢ  ᡮ ࠡ    
쭮 ୮ .    ᫥⢨,  . 쪨 ⠭
ணࠬ  ࢥ   ,    室    ࢥ,  砫
 ".   ⢨⥫쭮 宦  ࠢ.   㯭
ﭨ   ⮫쪮  㫨஢  273  ,    
㫨஢    274   .  ,   ⢥ত ,
쪨      ࠢ    㤥  -  ⢨   ⠢
㯫.

  

                (http://www.kompas.ru/news.asp?ID=821)

    ⠪       ᫥饥:   ",    ⫨稥    ⮢
몭 "⮢",  CD-ROM,    ࠭﫨  ঠ,
ᮤঠ ணࠬ  ⥬   ⥩  ࠧ
".  祭  宦    ࠢ.     砥   ࠬ⭮
ୠ.      ᥡ CD-ROM   ᮤঠ  ணࠬ,
⥬  ᮢ,  ⠪   ன⢠    ⥭  ᪮.
(  ன⢮   ⥭ ᪥  ᪮).  ⭮
ୠ   CD-᪨ (-᪨).

    ᭮  

              (http://www.decopro.ru/?m=6&&nid=187&&t=2):

    "ᨩ᪠ ࠧ      㤭           
ᠭ樮஢   ஭    ᨩ᪨    ,
ᮮ頥 NTVRU.com.   ⭮襭         㫥  뫮
㦤  㣮     272  2   
(ᠭ樮஢      ୮  ଠ樨).    뫮
㦤    樠⨢  ᫥⥫     ᪮ 
 ".  ,    ஡ .     
୮  ଠ樨  ᠭ樮஢  稫    
?  祬     ?    ࠧ      㫨  
㯫      ᪮  ᭨ ᮭ
   .  稫 ᫥⢨?

     ⮨   筮      ⠪,      ࠢ,
ᮮ饭.  ਬ ஢থ

 (http://www.strana.kaliningrad.ru/N111/oproverjenie.html)

    ⠪ : " 諮  襩    "!
ࠣ 訢!" 뫠 㡫 ⪠,    ன  ᮮ頫,
  ⨢    㤭  ⭮ 樨 뫨 㦤
㣮        273        "ࠧ襭
㤠⢥ ⠩".   ᮦ,   ଠ ୠ.  ᠬ
 㣮   ⮩  뫨  㦤    ࠤ᪮
   2000 - 2001  ⨢ 㪮⥫  ।⨩, 
 ⭮襭  樨.    ⠫ ⭮,   
   㦤,    ".

    祭    ଠ樨     த        ᠩ
ࠡ⭨ ப  ப

 (http://www.zaural.ru/procur/my_page.htm).

    ⮨  ,  ⥭    ୮
᭮    ਭ 񧭮 ਢ ⠬ ਠ.

           8. ࠢ ᭮  㡫 ᮢ

    ஠஢ ਢ       ࠡ  ଠ,  
᪠,    ⢫ ﭨ, ⭮ ⭥ᥭ  
⢥    祭  ᮪,  ᫥  ਤন ᫥
ࠢ, 믮    㣮 ⢥⢥
 ᮧ, ᯮ짮  ࠭  ᮢ:

    - ।ਭ    ।஦;
    - ५ ⢥⢥      ᫥⢨    
⮣,     諥 ᮢ ⢨⥫쭮 ⢥ ᭮
ﭨ  ᭮ ᯮ짮 ।⠢ ଠ樨.

      ࠢ  㡫樨  室    ᯮ塞  
 砥  ᫥饬:

    室 業,  ᪮쪮  ᮪ ⭮  ।
  אַ  ᯮ짮  㡫㥬        ⥫쭮
䨪樨  筥.    ᫥, ਬ,  ⮣, 
  ࠭   ᬠਢ 㡫樨.  ⮬
砥  짮⥫    㦥   뫨 ।ਭ  室
 ᭮,   ⨢  㦥    뫨  
   ᢮ .

     砥   㡫樨   ᮡ⢥      室  ࠭
ᮡ⢥筮  ࠧ᫠    ⨢      ⥫쭮
   室      ⨢   ணࠬ.      砥
஢  ⨢묨  ﬨ  ᫠      
   㯭 ⢨.

    ᫨ ,    ।  㡫樥 ᫥ ਢ 㡫㥬
    ࠡ祥  ﭨ,  ⮡      ᯮ짮   
⥫쭮  䨪樨  뫮 .   ॡ ⮣ 
易⥫쭮 浪 ,    ॡ 稥  ᨪ  
  ⨭ 좠 .

    㡫     ᮯ஢ ᮮ⢥騬 ⥪⠬,  
 ⥫ ଠ樨   ᮮ饭,    -  .
     ᮯ஢      㪠  ᫮  ᯮ짮
㡫㥬  ( ᫥⥫᪨ 楫,    ᠬࠧ
짮⥫,    ࠧࠡ⪨ ⨢᭮ ணࠬ  ..,   
 ⮣,          ⢥    ﭨ)  
      ⮬,      ⨬   ᯮ짮      
⨢ 楫.

    ⮡ ࠭஢  㡫㥬    ⮫쪮    㪨
塞,   ࠬ   ,   ᯮᮡ     ᮯ஢⥫
ଠ    ⭮        ॠ஢,   ᫥   㯠
㡫㥬    娢஬    ᯮ짮  ⮬ ஫ (⥪
஫  ᮤঠ ⠪ ⢮ ᨬ, ஥  ᪫砫
   砩   ).      ஫  室
⤥쭮  (ਬ,    ⤥쭮  㬥      ᮯ஢⥫쭮
ଠ樨).  ⥫쭮 ⠪   ,  ᯮ
⮢ ணࠬ  㧥,     ᨫ ࠧ  稭
ᯮ  ⮬᪨  㦥  ( ࠭  Internet
  ਫ  Email ਫ).

    㡫 ᮢ ᫥ ⢫  ᯥ樠஢ 
(ᯥ樠஢  ७    ୠ),  ᢮  
⭮     㪨  祫,    饣  
।⠢  ⮬,     㪨 .    ⢨ ,
  뫨  ।ਭ      ।஦    ⮣,   ⮡
㡫        ।᭮    ணࠬ    ⠫       ᨫ
"⥫쭮" ।⠢ ⢥  ᭮,    ⢨
  㡫樨  ⠫    㯫.  ⢥⢥ 
᫥⢨  ⨢ ਬ 㡫  
।  ࠫ    " ଠ樨,  ଠ⨧樨 
 ଠ樨".  ਬ,     22    3  ᪠:  ,
易          ᯮ짮     ଠ樨,     祭    
஢ ⥬,     ॡ⥫  ଠ樨.  
ࠧ,  砥 ᯮ  ᫮,  㤥 ⢥ত, 
㡫  ᢮ 楫  ।᭮ ணࠬ   (
砥,  ᫨    ।묨 ணࠬ),    
楫 ᥭ  ।    ⢫  ⢥    ﭨ.
⥫쭮,   ⠪  㡫    㤥  ⢥  ।
"ᯮ짮   ணࠬ".    ஬    ⮣,    ﭨ,    뢠
"㡫"        ⢨    273  ",
ᯮ짮    ࠭   ।   ணࠬ      "
         ⮬ 砥,  ᫨ 㤥 ,  
   ।᭮ ணࠬ.  易⥫쭮 ᫮
㡫  ᮢ      娢  ஫  ᠭ (
"᫮ ᯮ짮"  冷 ᯮ짮)     
騬 ⥫⢮,   楫 ᭨ ⢥⢥  
㡫樨   ᯮ짮 ᮤন 娢    㯭
楫.     ᮤন   20  " 娢 䮭
ᨩ᪮ 樨  娢": 짮⥫ 娢 㬥⮢ 
⢥⢥      ᯮ짮    ࠭   ⠭
浪.

                  9. ᮪ ᯮ짮 筨

᥮  ࠢ . (http://www.unhchr.ch/udhr/lang/rus.
htm)                        ᨩ᪮            樨.
(http://constitution.garant.ru/DOC_10003000_sub_para_N_1000.htm)
Strafgesetzbuch (StGB),  36 Auflage, Munchen: Beck - Texte im Deutscher
Taschenbuch
 Verlag, 2001.
Burgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB), 47, uberarbeitete Auflage, Munchen: Beck
 - Texte im Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, 2000.
Council of Europe, Convention on cybercrime (http://icpo-vad.tripod.com
/mzhru.html)   ᨩ᪮ 樨. (http://www.d-sign.
ru/uk/)   ᨩ᪮  樨  "  ࠢ  ࠭ ணࠬ 
஭ ᫨⥫
 設   "  23 ᥭ 1992  N 3523-I (http://wbase.duma.gov.ru/ntc/vdoc.asp?kl=8770)
. ᯥ᪨,                  "                  ".
(http://viruslist.com/viruslistbooks.html) ࠫ  ᨩ᪮
樨 " 易⥫쭮  㬥⮢"
  23  1994  (ᠭ १⮬ 29  1994  )  N
 77-3 (http://gdm.ru/normativ/77-fz_291194.htm)
ࠫ   ᨩ᪮  樨  "  ⨨   㭠த
 ଠ樮 "  5  1996    (ᠭ  १⮬  4
  1996 ) N 85-3 (http://www.fips.ru/npdoc/law/INFO.HTM)
ࠫ  ᨩ᪮ 樨 " ଠ樨, ଠ⨧樨 
   ଠ樨"  25 ﭢ 1995  (ᠭ १⮬ 20
 䥢ࠫ            1995            )            N            24-3
 (http://www.gmd.ru/normativ/24-fz_250195.htm)
 ᨩ᪮ 樨 " ।⢠ ᮢ ଠ樨"  27 
 1991    N  2124-I  (http://wbase.duma.gov.ru/ntc/vdoc.asp?kl=8693)
 ᨩ᪮ 樨 " ᪮ ࠢ  ᬥ ࠢ"    9

 1993   N  5351-I   (http://wbase.duma.gov.ru/ntc/vdoc.asp?kl=8892)
᭮   ⥫⢠   ᨩ᪮  樨  "  娢  䮭
ᨩ᪮
 樨  娢"  7  1993  (http://ascomplect.ru/indexphp?cat=5&topcat=5&doc=49)
 ᨩ᪮ 樨 " 㤠⢥ ⠩"   21    1993
  N 5485-I (http://wbase.duma.gov.ru/ntc/vdoc.asp?kl=8900)
-᪨ ᭮ ଠ樮 ᮢ   ⢥ /
 .. 䥤, .. ⮯, .. 楢, .. 設;  ।樥
 .. 設. - 㫠: - 㫃, 1998. - 333 .
. મ, . 䭥. . . 䪭, , 1996. -360 .

